A review on particulate photocatalytic hydrogen production system: Progress made in achieving high energy conversion efficiency and key challenges ahead

• Published in: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews 2021-12, Vol.152, p.111694, Article 111694
• Main Authors: Lakhera, Sandeep Kumar, Rajan, Aswathy, T.P., Rugma, Bernaurdshaw, Neppolian
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Hydrogen production; Particulate photocatalytic water-splitting system; Photo-reforming; Solar to hydrogen conversion efficiency; Sustainable energy
• ISSN: 1364-0321; 1879-0690
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111694

Photocatalytic water splitting is a sustainable and clean method to produce renewable hydrogen. The particulate photocatalytic water splitting system has been envisioned as an efficient and cost-effective solution for large-scale hydrogen production. Herein, we have reviewed the various existing particulate photocatalytic systems for hydrogen production via overall water splitting, as well as via photo-reforming of biomass-derived organic substances. The progress made in improving the apparent quantum efficiency and solar to the hydrogen conversion efficiency of existing photocatalysts is highlighted. The factors affecting the particulate photocatalytic water splitting system are summarized. Finally, some of the key limitations and future perspectives on large-scale hydrogen production are discussed. •The particulate photocatalytic water splitting system can provide a solution for large-scale hydrogen production.•The review article focuses on hydrogen production via overall water splitting and photo-reforming methods.•It evaluates the progress made in achieving high apparent quantum and solar to hydrogen conversion efficiency.•It highlights the factors affecting particulate photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction.•The merits, limitations, and future perspectives of the photocatalytic water splitting system have been discussed.