Photodegradation of sulfamethoxazole in environmental samples: The role of pH, organic matter and salinity

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is the most representative antibiotic of the sulfonamides group used in both human and veterinary medicine, and thus frequently detected in water resources. This has caused special concern due to the pronounced toxicity and potential to foster bacterial resistance of this drug...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Science of the total environment 2019-01, Vol.648, p.1403-1410
Main Authors: Oliveira, Cindy, Lima, Diana L.D., Silva, Carla Patrícia, Calisto, Vânia, Otero, Marta, Esteves, Valdemar I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apparent direct quantum yield
Emerging contaminants
Humic substances
Photolysis
Sulfonamide antibiotics
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Summary:Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is the most representative antibiotic of the sulfonamides group used in both human and veterinary medicine, and thus frequently detected in water resources. This has caused special concern due to the pronounced toxicity and potential to foster bacterial resistance of this drug. Therefore, and to further understand the fate of SMX in the aquatic environment, its photodegradation under simulated solar radiation was here studied in ultrapure water and in different environmental samples, namely estuarine water, freshwater and wastewater. SMX underwent very fast photodegradation in ultrapure water, presenting a half-life time (t1/2) of 0.86 h. However, in environmental samples, the SMX photodegradation rate was much slower, with 5.4 h 
ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.235