FPGA-based lifting wavelet processor for real-time signal detection

• Published in: Signal processing 2004-10, Vol.84 (10), p.1931-1940
• Main Authors: Kuzume, Koichi, Niijima, Koichi, Takano, Shigeru
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Detection, estimation, filtering, equalization, prediction; Electronics; Exact sciences and technology; FPGA; Information, signal and communications theory; Integrated circuits; Integrated circuits by function (including memories and processors); Lifting wavelet transform; Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices; Signal and communications theory; Signal detection; Signal, noise; Telecommunications and information theory; VLSI architecture
• ISSN: 0165-1684; 1872-7557
• DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2004.06.020

This paper presents the realization of a lifting wavelet processor for signal detection on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) device. This processor implements an algorithm for detecting target portions from a signal using an integer type Haar lifting wavelet transform (IHLWT), which we proposed. Since our detection algorithm is very simple because of short filter length in the IHLWT, the VLSI can be designed using a small amount of circuitry, consisting of only 6 multipliers and 9 adders. Therefore, it can realize the high-speed detection of target signals by constructing a pipeline architecture. The VLSI is designed using hardware description language (HDL) and is simulated on the FPGA in practice. The completed prototype is tested through software-generated signals and utility-sampled signals, in which test scenarios covering several kinds of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are examined thoroughly. From the results, it is confirmed that the proposed processor can execute target signal detection from the measured ECG signals in real time.