Imaging of cellular oxygen via two-photon excitation of fluorescent sensor nanoparticles

Polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) with an average size of 85nm and loaded with an oxygen-quenchable luminescent ruthenium complex were used to sense and image oxygen inside cells following 2-photon excitation (2-PE). The ruthenium probe possesses a large two-photon absorption cross-section, and 2-PE...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Chemical, 2013-11, Vol.188, p.257-262
Main Authors: Wang, Xu-dong, Achatz, Daniela E., Hupf, Christina, Sperber, Michaela, Wegener, Joachim, Bange, Sebastian, Lupton, John M., Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
absorption
cytotoxicity
Fluorescence
image analysis
Intracellular sensing
irradiation
mammals
nanoparticles
Nanosensor
oxygen
Oxygen sensor
polystyrenes
Quenching
ruthenium
Two-photon excitation
wavelengths
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Summary:Polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) with an average size of 85nm and loaded with an oxygen-quenchable luminescent ruthenium complex were used to sense and image oxygen inside cells following 2-photon excitation (2-PE). The ruthenium probe possesses a large two-photon absorption cross-section, and 2-PE is achieved by irradiation in the near infrared with commercially available fs-pulsed laser systems. The luminescence of the dye-loaded PSNPs is strongly quenched by oxygen, and Stern–Volmer plots are linear for both conventional single-photon excitation (1-PE) and for 2-PE. The particles do not show any significant cytotoxicity below a threshold concentration of 5μg/mL and are readily taken up by mammalian cells (MCF-7), presumably via membrane mediated pathways. Thus, the PSNPs promise to be well suited to image the oxygen distribution in living cells and tissues. The 2-PE is considered to be advantageous over conventional imaging techniques because it works in the near-infrared where background absorption and luminescence of biomatter is much weaker than at excitation wavelengths below 600nm.
ISSN:0925-4005
1873-3077
DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2013.06.087