Novel oxolane derivative DMTD mitigates high glucose-induced erythrocyte apoptosis by regulating oxidative stress

• Published in: Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2017-11, Vol.334, p.167-179
• Main Authors: Jagadish, Swamy, Hemshekhar, Mahadevappa, NaveenKumar, Somanathapura K., Sharath Kumar, Kothanahally S., Sundaram, Mahalingam S., Basappa, Girish, Kesturu S., Rangappa, Kanchugarakoppal S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Apoptosis - drug effects; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - blood; Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism; DMTD; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eryptosis; Erythrocyte Membrane - drug effects; Erythrocytes - drug effects; Glucose - administration & dosage; Glucose - toxicity; Glycated hemoglobin; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Mice; Molecular Structure; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; PS externalization; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase - metabolism; Thiazoles - administration & dosage; Thiazoles - chemistry; Thiazoles - pharmacology
• ISSN: 0041-008X; 1096-0333
• DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.09.008

Chronic hyperglycemia is one of the characteristic conditions associated with Diabetes Mellitus (DM), which often exerts deleterious effects on erythrocyte morphology and hemodynamic properties leading to anemia and diabetes-associated vascular complications. High glucose-induced over production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can alter the blood cell metabolism and biochemical functions subsequently causing eryptosis (red blood cell death), yet another complication of concern in DM. Therefore, blocking high glucose-induced oxidative damage and subsequent eryptosis is of high importance in the better management of DM and associated vascular complications. In this study, we synthesized an oxolane derivative 1-(2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuro[2,3][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)ethane-1,2-diol (DMTD), and demonstrated its efficacy to mitigate hyperglycemia-induced ROS generation and subsequent eryptosis. We showed that DMTD effectively inhibits high glucose-induced ROS generation, intracellular calcium levels, phosphaditylserine (PS) scrambling, calpain and band 3 activation, LDH leakage, protein glycation and lipid peroxidation, meanwhile enhances the antioxidant indices, osmotic fragility and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in erythrocytes. DMTD dose dependently decreased the glycated hemoglobin level and enhances the glucose utilization by erythrocytes in vitro. Further, DMTD alleviated the increase in ROS production, intracellular Ca2+ level and PS externalization in the erythrocytes of human diabetic subjects and enhanced the Na+/K+-ATPase activity. Taken together, the synthesized oxolane derivative DMTD could be a novel synthetic inhibitor of high glucose-induced oxidative stress and eryptosis. Considering the present results DMTD could be a potential therapeutic to treat DM and associated complications and open new avenues in developing synthetic therapeutic targeting of DM-associated complications. [Display omitted] •Chronic hyperglycemia exerts deleterious effects on erythrocytes leading to anemia.•High glucose induced ROS instigates eryptosis and associated vascular complications.•Novel oxolane derived DMTD ameliorates hyperglycemia induced ROS ensuing eryptosis.•DMTD inhibits hyperglycemia induced Ca2+ levels, PS scrambling & calpain activation.•DMTD a promising therapeutic candidate to treat hyperglycemia induced eryptosis.