Ketamine – More mechanisms of action than just NMDA blockade

Summary Ketamine has been in clinical use for over half a century, yet its precise mechanisms of action remain mysterious for the large part. Its hypnotic effects appear to be largely mediated by blockade of NMDA and HCN1 receptors, but cholinergic, aminergic, and opioid systems appear to play both...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in anaesthesia & critical care 2014-06, Vol.4 (2), p.76-81
Main Authors: Sleigh, Jamie, Harvey, Martyn, Voss, Logan, Denny, Bill
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anaesthesia
Analgesia
Anesthesia & Perioperative Care
Critical Care
Ketamine
Mechanisms of action
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Summary:Summary Ketamine has been in clinical use for over half a century, yet its precise mechanisms of action remain mysterious for the large part. Its hypnotic effects appear to be largely mediated by blockade of NMDA and HCN1 receptors, but cholinergic, aminergic, and opioid systems appear to play both a positive and negative modulatory role in both sedation and analgesia. Ketamine's effects in chronic pain, and as an antidepressant, far outlast the actual drug levels, and are probably mediated by a secondary increase in structural synaptic connectivity that is mediated by a neuronal response to the ketamine-induced hyper-glutamatergic state.
ISSN:2210-8440
DOI:10.1016/j.tacc.2014.03.002