Ecotoxicological risk assessment of the “Acid Black 210” dye

Abstract The “Acid Black 210” dye is one of the most used black dyes by the leather industry. This compound contains three azo groups in its chemical structure, and has been quoted as a non-regulated dye with toxicological concern, since it could generate carcinogenic aromatic amines. The objective...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxicology (Amsterdam) 2017-02, Vol.376, p.113-119
Main Authors: Rocha, Otávio Pelegrino, Cesila, Cibele Aparecida, Christovan, Elisa Maria, de Moraes Barros, Sílvia Berlanga, Zanoni, Maria Valnice Boldrin, de Oliveira, Danielle Palma
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acid Black 210
Animals
Azo Compounds - toxicity
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cell Survival - physiology
Comet Assay - methods
Daphnia - drug effects
Daphnia - physiology
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Dye
Ecotoxicological risk assessment
Ecotoxicology - methods
Emergency
Hep G2 Cells
Humans
Mutagenicity Tests - methods
Naphthalenesulfonates - toxicity
Risk Assessment - methods
Salmonella typhimurium - drug effects
Salmonella typhimurium - physiology
Toxicity Tests, Acute - methods
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
Zebrafish
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Summary:Abstract The “Acid Black 210” dye is one of the most used black dyes by the leather industry. This compound contains three azo groups in its chemical structure, and has been quoted as a non-regulated dye with toxicological concern, since it could generate carcinogenic aromatic amines. The objective of this study was to perform the ecotoxicological risk assessment of this dye through testing its toxicity in vitro and in vivo with the Ames test, the Comet assay, the Daphnia similis test, and the zebrafish embryo acute toxicity test. Moreover, we evaluated the presence of this dye in environmental samples related with a tannery industry. All the tests performed were negative, with the exception of the Ames test with the Salmonella typhimurium TA98 strain, which resulted in a low mutagenic potency. Due to the low concentrations of the “Acid Black 210” dye found in tannery effluents, and the high concentrations where any toxic activity is occasionally described, we concluded that this dye is safe from the ecotoxicological point of view in the areas evaluated and in the light of the current knowledge.
ISSN:0300-483X
1879-3185
DOI:10.1016/j.tox.2016.04.002