Advanced nanomaterials as sample technique for bio-analysis

• Published in: TrAC, Trends in analytical chemistry (Regular ed.) Trends in analytical chemistry (Regular ed.), 2021-02, Vol.135, p.116168, Article 116168
• Main Authors: Sun, Nianrong, Yu, Hailong, Wu, Hao, Shen, Xizhong, Deng, Chunhui
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: CTCs; Extracellular vesicles; Metabonomics; Nanomaterials; Nucleic acid; Proteomics; Separation
• ISSN: 0165-9936; 1879-3142
• DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116168

The biological compositions including cells, proteins/peptides, nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles (EVs) and metabolites are no doubt closely related to almost all physiological and pathological events in organism. Parts of them with specific characteristics can serve as therapeutic target or even disease indicator at early stage. However, all of them especially the specific portion associated with diseases are surrounded by complex environment where there are a large number of high-abundance proteins and salts and the like, leading to difficulties in direct analysis for them. Much efforts have been made to solve this problem, among which nanomaterials with outstanding flexibility in preparation and manipulation are attracting great attention. In this review, we provide a relatively comprehensive elaboration on recent advancement of nanomaterials as sample technique for bio-analysis, focusing on their preparation and application in all the above-mentioned biological compositions. Furthermore, the limits and development tendency of nanomaterials in this field are proposed. •Applications of nanomaterials in CTCs separation are comprehensively reviewed.•Applications of nanomaterials in proteome separation are comprehensively reviewed.•Applications of nanomaterials in exosomes separation are comprehensively reviewed.•Applications of nanomaterials in nucleic acids separation are briefly reviewed.•Applications of nanomaterials in metabolites separation are briefly reviewed.