Mass spectrometry for mitochondrial multi-omics

• Published in: TrAC, Trends in analytical chemistry (Regular ed.) Trends in analytical chemistry (Regular ed.), 2023-06, Vol.163, p.117063, Article 117063
• Main Authors: Wang, Zengyu, Liu, Baohong, Lin, Ling, Qiao, Liang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Mass spectrometry; Metabolomics; Mitochondria; Multi-omics; Proteomics
• ISSN: 0165-9936; 1879-3142
• DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117063

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles involved in many aspects of cell metabolism. Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to various disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular pathology, aging, and cancer. The mechanisms underneath mitochondrial biological functions and dysfunctions are complex and diverse. Over the past decades, significant advancements in the field of mitochondrial biology have been made through the combination of high-throughput omics technologies and biochemical separation techniques. In this review, we discuss mass spectrometry-based mitochondrial proteomics, metabolomics, and multi-omics integration. We highlight the methods of building protein-protein interactome, metabolic dynamic network, and protein-metabolite interaction network, which can promote the understanding of biological molecules in an active manner. Finally, we discuss the development of machine learning (ML) tools that allows the integration of multi-omics data and data-driven systematic study of mitochondria, providing a comprehensive and unprecedented insight into mitochondrial uncharted territory. [Display omitted] •Multi-omic studies transfer mitochondrial biochemical processes to independent molecular dimensions along the central dogma.•Mass spectrometry is a high-throughput method that has shown promise in mitochondrial biology research.•Mitochondria participate in every aspect of cell metabolism and the study of mitochondria is profound to disease therapy.