Use and abuse of pyrethrins and synthetic pyrethroids in veterinary medicine

Pyrethrin and pyrethroid insecticides are widely used in veterinary medicine for agricultural and domestic purposes. Although pyrethrins and pyrethroids are generally regarded as safe to animals, there have been reports of systemic poisoning in veterinary species. This review summarises the use of p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The veterinary journal (1997) 2009-10, Vol.182 (1), p.7-20
Main Authors: Anadón, A., Martínez-Larrañaga, M.R., Martínez, M.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
absorption
animal age
Animals
Animals, Domestic
Animals, Wild
Cats
Dogs
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
drug toxicity
Environmental Exposure
enzymes
excretion
fish
food animals
Insecticides - pharmacokinetics
Insecticides - poisoning
Insecticides - therapeutic use
Intestinal Absorption
Laboratory and domestic animals
laboratory animals
literature reviews
Mechanism of action
metabolism
pets
pharmacokinetics
Poisoning - etiology
Poisoning - veterinary
Pyrethrins
Pyrethrins - pharmacokinetics
Pyrethrins - poisoning
Pyrethrins - therapeutic use
Pyrethroids
Species Specificity
Toxicity
Toxicokinetics
veterinary medicine
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Summary:Pyrethrin and pyrethroid insecticides are widely used in veterinary medicine for agricultural and domestic purposes. Although pyrethrins and pyrethroids are generally regarded as safe to animals, there have been reports of systemic poisoning in veterinary species. This review summarises the use of pyrethrins and pyrethroids in companion and food producing animals, including their mechanism of action and toxicity. The toxicokinetics of pyrethrins and pyrethroids are described, including absorption, distribution, metabolism (including interactions with other compounds affecting drug metabolising enzymes) and excretion, leading to the application of toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic concepts. Specific cases of pyrethroid poisoning in laboratory animals (including age-related toxicity), fish, companion and large animals are considered, including the high incidence of feline pyrethroids toxicosis following the extra-label use of topical formulations.
ISSN:1090-0233
1532-2971
DOI:10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.04.008