Induction of pulmonary carcinogenesis in Wistar rats by a single dose of 9, 10 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) and the chemopreventive role of Diclofenac

• Published in: Experimental and molecular pathology 2010-06, Vol.88 (3), p.394-400
• Main Authors: Thakur, Poonam, Sanyal, S.N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene - administration & dosage; 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene - toxicity; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - administration & dosage; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - pharmacology; Anticarcinogenic Agents - administration & dosage; Anticarcinogenic Agents - pharmacology; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; Biological and medical sciences; COX-2; Cyclooxygenase 2 - metabolism; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - administration & dosage; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - pharmacology; Diclofenac; Diclofenac - administration & dosage; Diclofenac - pharmacology; Female; Inflammation; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Lung - drug effects; Lung - enzymology; Lung - pathology; Lung Neoplasms - chemically induced; Lung Neoplasms - enzymology; Lung Neoplasms - pathology; Lung Neoplasms - prevention & control; Macrophages, Alveolar - drug effects; Macrophages, Alveolar - pathology; Medical sciences; Pathology. Cytology. Biochemistry. Spectrometry. Miscellaneous investigative techniques; Pneumology; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tumors of the respiratory system and mediastinum
• ISSN: 0014-4800; 1096-0945
• DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.03.005

To evaluate the chemopreventive efficacy of Diclofenac, a preferential cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibiting non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in the 9, 10 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced experimental lung carcinogenesis. Animals were divided into 4 groups. Control group received normal saline intratratracheally. DMBA group was given DMBA (20 mg/kg of body weight) in the similar manner. DMBA + Diclofenac group was given daily oral dose of Diclofenac (8 mg/kg of body weight) in addition to DMBA while the last group received Diclofenac only. Animals were sacrificed after 24 weeks. COX-2 expression was studied by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western immunoblotting. For apoptosis study DNA fragmentation on agarose gel and florescent staining of alveolar macrophages were done. The incidence and burden of tumor were reduced by the Diclofenac treatment. Diclofenac caused the reduction in the COX-2 levels which were increased in the DMBA treated group. It also caused the induction of apoptosis as seen by both techniques. From all these results it can be concluded that Diclofenac might have a chemopreventive role for lung carcinogenesis which is mediated by suppression of COX-2 enzyme and induction of apoptosis.