Endocrine disruptors in Adansonia digitata (Linn) extract induce alteration of female Wistar rats’ oestrous cycle, hormone and lipid profiles

• Published in: General and comparative endocrinology 2023-12, Vol.344, p.114385, Article 114385
• Main Authors: Chibuogwu, Ijeoma Chika, Nwannenna, Agnes Ifeyinwa, Ogwu, David, Garba, Magaji, Ubah, Simon Azubuike, Ajayi, Itopa Etudaye
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adansonia digitata (Linn) root bark; FSH; Lipid; Oestrogen; Oleic acid; Progesterone
• ISSN: 0016-6480; 1095-6840
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114385

•Hexane-acetyl acetate fraction and Acetyl acetate–methanol fraction of Adansonia digitata root bark methanol extract has effects on the female Wistar rat’s reproductive system.•Compounds in Hexane-acetyl acetate fraction, Acetyl acetate–methanol fraction, Aqueous-methanol fraction, and Aqueous fraction of Adansonia digitata root bark methanol extract were elucidated.•Acetyl acetate methanol fraction and Hexane-acetyl acetate fraction of the extract exclusively contained 1-tricosene, cyclopentadecanone 2-hydroxy-, oleic acid, and 9,17-octadecadienal.•Acetyl acetate–methanol fraction delayed the transition from proestrus to estrus of the Wistar rat’s oestrous cycle.•Acetyl acetate methanol fraction induced sustained progesterone levels and depleted oestrogen levels, and altered serum lipid profiles when compared to control rats.•Oleic acid alone or with any of the four compounds is responsible for the endocrine disruption of the female Wistar rat’s oestrous cycle. Hexane-acetyl acetate (HAAF) and acetyl acetate–methanol fractions (AAMF) but not aqueous methanol (AQMF) and aqueous fractions (AQF) of Adansonia digitata Linn root bark induce reproductive effects in female Wistar rats. The current study investigated the exclusive components of HAAF, AAMF, AQMF, and AQF of Adansonia digitata Linn root bark and the effect of AAMF on the female Wistar rat's oestrous cycle progression, and hormone and lipid profiles. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry explored the components of HAAF, AAMF, AQMF, and AQF. Mature female Wistar rats with a proven 4–5-days oestrous cycle were synchronised and randomly assigned into three treatment groups of 30 rats each on the day of proestrus. For seven days, rats in the different groups received 0, 150, and 300 mg kg-1 body weights of AAMF, respectively. Six rats were euthanised from each group based on a standard oestrous stage-timed sequence. The oestrous stage, hormone profile (oestrogen, progesterone, progesterone/oestrogen ratio, and FSH) and lipid profile (Total cholesterol-TC, Triglycerols, High-HD and low density-LD lipid cholesterol) of the euthanised rats were determined. tricosene, cyclopentadecanone 2-hydroxy-, oleic acid, and 9,17-octadecadienal, were exclusively found in HAAF and AAMF. The oestrous stage, serum hormone and lipids varied significantly (p