Temperature Effect of Phytotoxicity of Soil-Applied Herbicides

• Published in: Weed science 1978-11, Vol.26 (6), p.566-570
• Main Authors: Mulder, C. E. G., Nalewaja, J. D.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural soils; Barley; Herbicides; High temperature; Low temperature; Oats; Phytotoxicity; Soil depth; Soil treatment; Temperature effects
• ISSN: 0043-1745; 1550-2759
• DOI: 10.1017/S0043174500064560

Experiments were conducted in controlled environmental chambers to determine the influence of temperature on the phytotoxicity of seven soil-applied herbicides. Diclofop {2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} soil incorporated or surface applied, was more toxic to wild oat (Avena fatua L.) shoots at 10 and 17 C than at 24 C. Efficacy of diclofop was enhanced with soil incorporation. Diclofop toxicity to wild oat roots was not influenced by a change in temperature. EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) stimulated sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L. ‘American Crystal Hybrid B’) shoot dry weight production at 10 C and caused dry weight reduction at 24 C. Atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] toxicity to barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ‘Larker’) and alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] toxicity to oats (Avena sativa L. ‘Chief’) increased with increased temperature from 10 to 17 C. Temperatures within the range of 10 to 24 C did not affect trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) toxicity to barley or BAY-5653 [N-(2-benzothiazolyl)-N-methylurea] or chloamben (3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid) toxicity to oats.