Portable Pesticide Electrochem-sensor: A Label-Free Detection of Glyphosate in Human Urine

The toxicity levels of and exposure to glyphosate, a widely used herbicide and desiccant, are significant public health issues. In this study, we aim to design a highly sensitive, label-free, portable sensor for the direct detection of glyphosate in human urine. The sensor platform consists of a por...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Langmuir 2022-02, Vol.38 (5), p.1781-1790
Main Authors: Poudyal, Durgasha C, Dhamu, Vikram Narayanan, Samson, Manish, Muthukumar, Sriram, Prasad, Shalini
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biosensing Techniques
Electrochemical Techniques - methods
Electrodes
Glycine - analogs & derivatives
Glyphosate
Gold
Humans
Limit of Detection
Pesticides
Reproducibility of Results
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Summary:The toxicity levels of and exposure to glyphosate, a widely used herbicide and desiccant, are significant public health issues. In this study, we aim to design a highly sensitive, label-free, portable sensor for the direct detection of glyphosate in human urine. The sensor platform consists of a portable, printed circuit board circular platform with gold working and reference electrodes to enable nonfaradic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The sensing platform was an immunoassay-based, gold electrode surface immobilized with a monolayer of dithiobis­(succinimidyl propionate) (DSP), a thiol-based cross-linker, which was then modified with a glyphosate antibody (Glyp-Ab) through the bonding of the ester group of DSP with the amide of the antibody (Glyp-Ab). The sensor was tested electrochemically, first using the laboratory-based benchtop method for the glyphosate-spiked urine samples, resulting in a dynamic response in the concentration range of 0.1–72 ng/mL with a limit of detection of 0.1 ng/mL. The platform showed high selectivity in the presence of major interfering analytes in urine [malathion (Mal), 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (PBA), and chlorpyrifos (Chlp)] and high reproducibility. The sensing platform was then translated into a portable device that showed a performance correlation (r = 0.994) with the benchtop (laboratory method). This developed portable sensing approach can be a highly reliable alternate sensor platform for the direct detection of pesticides in human bodily fluids.
ISSN:0743-7463
1520-5827
DOI:10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02877