Gold Nanorods and Nanoprisms Mediate Different Photothermal Cell Death Mechanisms In Vitro and In Vivo

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an efficient method of inducing localized hyperthermia and can be achieved using gold nanoparticles as photothermal agents. However, there are many hurdles to get over before this therapy can safely reach the clinics, including nanoparticles’ optimal shape and the accur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020-03, Vol.12 (12), p.13718-13730
Main Authors: Moros, Maria, Lewinska, Anna, Merola, Francesco, Ferraro, Pietro, Wnuk, Maciej, Tino, Angela, Tortiglione, Claudia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis - radiation effects
Cell Death - radiation effects
Cell Line, Tumor
Gold - chemistry
Humans
Hydra - radiation effects
Hyperthermia, Induced - methods
Melanoma - therapy
Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry
Nanotubes - chemistry
Necrosis - therapy
Photothermal Therapy
Surface Plasmon Resonance
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Summary:Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an efficient method of inducing localized hyperthermia and can be achieved using gold nanoparticles as photothermal agents. However, there are many hurdles to get over before this therapy can safely reach the clinics, including nanoparticles’ optimal shape and the accurate prediction of cellular responses. Here, we describe the synthesis of gold nanorods and nanoprisms with similar surface plasmon resonances in the near-infrared (NIR) and comparable photothermal conversion efficiencies and characterize the response to NIR irradiation in two biological systems, melanoma cells and the small invertebrate Hydra vulgaris. By integrating animal, cellular, and molecular biology approaches, we show a diverse outcome of nanorods and nanoprisms on the two systems, sustained by the elicitation of different pathways, from necrosis to programmed cell death mechanisms (apoptosis and necroptosis). The comparative multilevel analysis shows great accuracy of in vivo invertebrate models to predict overall responses to photothermal challenging and superior photothermal performance of nanoprisms. Understanding the molecular pathways of these responses may help develop optimized nanoheaters that, safe by design, may improve PTT efficacy for clinical purposes.
ISSN:1944-8244
1944-8252
DOI:10.1021/acsami.0c02022