Model for Hydrothermal Growth of Rutile Wires and the Associated Development of Defect Structures

Crystal defects play a major role in determining the electrical properties of semiconductors. Hydrothermally grown TiO2 rutile nanowire arrays are frequently used as electrodes in photovoltaic devices. However, they exhibit a characteristic defect structure that may compromise performance. A detaile...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Crystal growth & design 2014-09, Vol.14 (9), p.4658-4663
Main Authors: Wisnet, Andreas, Betzler, Sophia B, Zucker, Rachel V, Dorman, James A, Wagatha, Peter, Matich, Sonja, Okunishi, Eiji, Schmidt-Mende, Lukas, Scheu, Christina
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Crystal defects play a major role in determining the electrical properties of semiconductors. Hydrothermally grown TiO2 rutile nanowire arrays are frequently used as electrodes in photovoltaic devices. However, they exhibit a characteristic defect structure that may compromise performance. A detailed scanning and transmission electron microscopy study of these defects reveals their internal structure and is suggestive at their origin. We propose an anisotropic layer-by-layer growth model, which combined with steric effects and Coulombic repulsion on high atom-density facets, can explain the observed V-shaped defect cascade in the nanowires.
ISSN:1528-7483
1528-7505
DOI:10.1021/cg500743u