Differential Inhibition of Human Platelet Aggregation by Selected Allium Thiosulfinates

Thiosulfinates (TSs) have been implicated as a principle source of the antiplatelet property of raw onion and garlic juice. The in vitro responses of human platelets to dosages of four TSs were measured using whole blood aggregometry and compared by regression analysis. Of the compounds evaluated, m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2000-11, Vol.48 (11), p.5731-5735
Main Authors: Briggs, William H, Xiao, Hang, Parkin, Kirk L, Shen, Cunxi, Goldman, Irwin L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allium
Biological and medical sciences
Blood. Blood coagulation. Reticuloendothelial system
General pharmacology
Humans
Medical sciences
Methyl Methanesulfonate - analogs & derivatives
Methyl Methanesulfonate - pharmacology
Pharmacognosy. Homeopathy. Health food
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Platelet Aggregation - drug effects
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - pharmacology
Regression Analysis
Structure-Activity Relationship
Sulfinic Acids - pharmacology
Sulfonic Acids - pharmacology
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Summary:Thiosulfinates (TSs) have been implicated as a principle source of the antiplatelet property of raw onion and garlic juice. The in vitro responses of human platelets to dosages of four TSs were measured using whole blood aggregometry and compared by regression analysis. Of the compounds evaluated, methyl methane-TS (MMTS), propyl propane-TS (PPTS), and 2-propenyl 2-propene-TS (allicin) are present in freshly cut Allium vegetables, whereas ethyl ethane-TS (EETS) has not been detected. All TSs were synthesized using a model reaction system. PPTS and allicin had the strongest antiplatelet activity at 0.4 mM, inhibiting aggregation by 90 and 89%, respectively. At the same concentration, EETS and MMTS were significantly weaker, inhibiting 74 and 26%, respectively. Combinations of TSs were not additive in their inhibition of aggregation, indicating that the antiplatelet potential of Allium extracts cannot be easily predicted by quantifying organosulfur components. EETS, PPTS, and allicin were significantly more potent platelet inhibitors than aspirin at nearly equivalent concentrations. Keywords: Aggregometry; Allium; platelets; thiosulfinates; antiplatelet
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf0004412