Analysis of Steroidal Sapogenins from Amber Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) by Capillary Gas Chromatography and Combined Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

Mixtures of steroidal sapogenins isolated from the seed and combined aerial parts (foliage) of fenugreek (cultivar Amber) have been examined by capillary column gas chromatography with mass spectral and flame ionization detectors. Diosgenin [(25R)-spirost-5-en-3β-ol] was the major component in seed...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1997-03, Vol.45 (3), p.753-759
Main Authors: Taylor, Wesley G, Zaman, M. Shahid, Mir, Zahir, Mir, Priya S, Acharya, Surya N, Mears, Gerald J, Elder, James L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Biological and medical sciences
Chemical constitution
CHROMATOGRAPHIE EN PHASE GAZEUSE
CROMATOGRAFIA DE GASES
Economic plant physiology
ESPECTROMETRIA
ESPECTROMETRIA DE MASAS
ESTEROIDES
FOLIAGE
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
GRAINE
MASS SPECTROMETRY
SAPONINAS
SAPONINE
SAPONINS
SEEDS
SEMILLA
SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
SPECTROMETRIE
SPECTROMETRIE DE MASSE
SPECTROMETRY
STEROIDE
STEROIDS
TRIGONELLA FOENUM GRAECUM
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Summary:Mixtures of steroidal sapogenins isolated from the seed and combined aerial parts (foliage) of fenugreek (cultivar Amber) have been examined by capillary column gas chromatography with mass spectral and flame ionization detectors. Diosgenin [(25R)-spirost-5-en-3β-ol] was the major component in seed and foliage extracts hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid. Yamogenin also appeared to be present. Tigogenin, neotigogenin, smilagenin, and sarsasapogenin were identified in the extracts. Dihydroxy steroidal sapogenins, tentatively identified as yuccagenin, gitogenin, and neogitogenin, were detected as minor components in hydrolyzed extracts from seed. A gas chromatographic method based on the use of an internal standard and a column of HP-5MS was developed to determine diosgenin in Amber fenugreek. Expressed on a dry weight basis, mean levels of diosgenin in seed were 0.54%. In field-grown foliage sampled during a season at 9, 15, and 19 weeks postseeding, diosgenin levels were 0.16, 0.07, and 0.07%, respectively. Keywords: Steroidal sapogenins; spirostanols; fenugreek; diosgenin; quantitation; seed; foliage
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf960200n