Contamination of Italian Citrus Essential Oils:  Presence of Phthalate Esters

Contamination by phthalate esters of Sicilian and Calabrian citrus essential oils, produced in the crop years 1994−1996, was investigated using a GC−MS system with direct injection of the samples. A total of 35 lemon oils, 31 orange oils, and 21 mandarin oils were analyzed. Diisobutyl phthalate and/...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1999-03, Vol.47 (3), p.1009-1012
Main Authors: Di Bella, Giuseppa, Saitta, Marcello, Pellegrino, Mariacristina, Salvo, Francesco, Dugo, Giacomo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Chemical industry and chemicals
Chromatography, Gas - methods
Citrus - chemistry
Essential oils, perfumes
Esters - analysis
Exact sciences and technology
Food Contamination - analysis
Italy
Oils, Volatile - chemistry
Phthalic Acids - analysis
Reproducibility of Results
Washing products. Cosmetics and toiletries. Perfumes
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Summary:Contamination by phthalate esters of Sicilian and Calabrian citrus essential oils, produced in the crop years 1994−1996, was investigated using a GC−MS system with direct injection of the samples. A total of 35 lemon oils, 31 orange oils, and 21 mandarin oils were analyzed. Diisobutyl phthalate and/or bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate were found in almost all samples, while di-n-butyl phthalate was present in 8. Concentrations up to a maximum of 62 ppm were found for diisobutyl phthalate and up to a maximum of 29.9 ppm for bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Keywords: Citrus oils; phthalate esters; gas chromatography
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf980735b