Isolation, Characterization, and Biological Activity of Naphthoquinones from Calceolaria andina L

• Published in: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1999-02, Vol.47 (2), p.770-775
• Main Authors: Khambay, Bhupinder P. S, Batty, Duncan, Cahill, Matthew, Denholm, Ian, Mead-Briggs, Mike, Vinall, Stephen, Niemeyer, Hermann M, Simmonds, Monique S. J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; beneficial insects; bioassays; Biological and medical sciences; Calceolaria; Chemical control; Control; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; insect pests; Insecta; insecticidal properties; Insecticides - isolation & purification; Insecticides - toxicity; Lethal Dose 50; naphthoquinone; Naphthoquinones - isolation & purification; Naphthoquinones - toxicity; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; plant extracts; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Plants, Medicinal - chemistry; Protozoa. Invertebrates; Rats
• ISSN: 0021-8561; 1520-5118
• DOI: 10.1021/jf980769j

Two compounds recognized as responsible for the insecticidal activity of extracts of Calceolaria andina L. (Scrophulariaceae) have been isolated and characterized as 2-(1,1-dimethylprop-2-enyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and the corresponding acetate, 2-acetoxy-3-(1,1-dimethylprop-2-enyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone. Their activities against 29 pest species and 9 beneficial species of arthropod from a total of 11 orders have been determined. Activities against homopteran and acarine species are of the same order as those of established pesticides, and, significantly, no cross-resistance is observed for strains resistant to established classes of insecticide. Mammalian toxicities are low. Keywords: Naphthoquinones; Calceolaria; insecticides; botanical; resistance-defeating