Mechanochemistry: opportunities for new and cleaner synthesis

The aim of this critical review is to provide a broad but digestible overview of mechanochemical synthesis, i.e. reactions conducted by grinding solid reactants together with no or minimal solvent. Although mechanochemistry has historically been a sideline approach to synthesis it may soon move into...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemical Society reviews 2012-01, Vol.41 (1), p.413-447
Main Authors: James, Stuart L, Adams, Christopher J, Bolm, Carsten, Braga, Dario, Collier, Paul, Friš i, Tomislav, Grepioni, Fabrizia, Harris, Kenneth D. M, Hyett, Geoff, Jones, William, Krebs, Anke, Mack, James, Maini, Lucia, Orpen, A. Guy, Parkin, Ivan P, Shearouse, William C, Steed, Jonathan W, Waddell, Daniel C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cleaning
Inorganic materials
Mechanochemistry
Pharmaceuticals
Solvents
Synthesis
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Summary:The aim of this critical review is to provide a broad but digestible overview of mechanochemical synthesis, i.e. reactions conducted by grinding solid reactants together with no or minimal solvent. Although mechanochemistry has historically been a sideline approach to synthesis it may soon move into the mainstream because it is increasingly apparent that it can be practical, and even advantageous, and because of the opportunities it provides for developing more sustainable methods. Concentrating on recent advances, this article covers industrial aspects, inorganic materials, organic synthesis, cocrystallisation, pharmaceutical aspects, metal complexes (including metal-organic frameworks), supramolecular aspects and characterization methods. The historical development, mechanistic aspects, limitations and opportunities are also discussed (314 references). The wide applications of mechanochemical synthesis: from inorganic materials to organic reactions, academic research to industrial applications and discussion of opportunities and limitations.
ISSN:0306-0012
1460-4744
DOI:10.1039/c1cs15171a