A fully integrated paperfluidic molecular diagnostic chip for the extraction, amplification, and detection of nucleic acids from clinical samples

Paper diagnostics have successfully been employed to detect the presence of antigens or small molecules in clinical samples through immunoassays; however, the detection of many disease targets relies on the much higher sensitivity and specificity achieved via nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT)....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Lab on a Chip 2016-01, Vol.16 (4), p.753-763
Main Authors: Rodriguez, Natalia M, Wong, Winnie S, Liu, Lena, Dewar, Rajan, Klapperich, Catherine M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amplification
Chips
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diagnostic systems
DNA, Viral - analysis
DNA, Viral - genetics
DNA, Viral - isolation & purification
Extraction
Female
Human papillomavirus 16 - genetics
Humans
Lab-On-A-Chip Devices
Modular
Molecular Diagnostic Techniques - instrumentation
Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques - instrumentation
Nucleic acids
Systems Integration
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - diagnosis
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Summary:Paper diagnostics have successfully been employed to detect the presence of antigens or small molecules in clinical samples through immunoassays; however, the detection of many disease targets relies on the much higher sensitivity and specificity achieved via nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT). The steps involved in NAAT have recently begun to be explored in paper matrices, and our group, among others, has reported on paper-based extraction, amplification, and detection of DNA and RNA targets. Here, we integrate these paper-based NAAT steps into a single paperfluidic chip in a modular, foldable system that allows for fully integrated fluidic handling from sample to result. We showcase the functionality of the chip by combining nucleic acid isolation, isothermal amplification, and lateral flow detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 DNA directly from crude cervical specimens in less than 1 hour for rapid, early detection of cervical cancer. The chip is made entirely of paper and adhesive sheets, making it low-cost, portable, and disposable, and offering the potential for a point-of-care molecular diagnostic platform even in remote and resource-limited settings. We present a low-cost, disposable, and fully-integrated paperfluidic molecular diagnostic chip for sample-to-result functionality at the point-of-care.
ISSN:1473-0197
1473-0189
DOI:10.1039/c5lc01392e