Progress in internal/external stimuli responsive fluorescent carbon nanoparticles for theranostic and sensing applications

In the past decade, fluorescent carbon nanoparticles (FNPs) prepared from natural resources and biomaterials have been attractive due to their various properties, such as unique optical properties, great biocompatibility, water dispersion, and facile surface functionalization. Depending on the prope...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine Materials for biology and medicine, 2018-02, Vol.6 (8), p.1149-1178
Main Authors: Mazrad, Zihnil Adha Islamy, Lee, Kyueui, Chae, Ari, In, Insik, Lee, Haeshin, Park, Sung Young
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatibility
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Carbon
Carbon sources
Carbonization
Detection
Drug delivery
Drug delivery systems
External stimuli
Fluorescence
Magnetic fields
Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology
Natural resources
Optical properties
Stimuli
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Summary:In the past decade, fluorescent carbon nanoparticles (FNPs) prepared from natural resources and biomaterials have been attractive due to their various properties, such as unique optical properties, great biocompatibility, water dispersion, and facile surface functionalization. Depending on the properties of the carbon sources and the subsequent carbonization processes, internal/external stimuli responsive carbon nanoparticles have been generated that are useful for theranostic and sensing applications. In this review, we highlight the recent developments in the use of FNPs in nanomedicine in great detail, particularly for FNPs responding to internal stimuli, including redox, pH, and enzymes, and external stimuli, including temperature, light, and magnetic fields, for drug delivery and sensing applications. Furthermore, we hope to provide insight that could stimulate further research aiming for unparalleled useful applications. As a result, there are many possibilities that can be explored from this smart material. The research and development of fluorescent carbon nanoparticles, from their resources, synthesis method to applications in theranostic and sensing application have been attractive due to their unique properties.
ISSN:2050-750X
2050-7518
DOI:10.1039/c7tb03323k