Electrochemical biosensors: rapid detection methods in wastewater-based epidemiology research

Urban sewage carries a lot of information about human activities and is one of the most important links between humans and the natural ecological environment. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the tracking and monitoring of novel coronavirus loading in sewage have provided key data for the dynamic regul...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science water research & technology 2024-02, Vol.1 (2), p.316-338
Main Authors: Yuan, Chunying, Shu, Mushui, Fu, Zhaohui, Zhou, Li, Guo, Ling, Ding, Ding, Wang, Yu, Xu, Zhizhen, Wang, Jingyi, Wang, Dongsheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical methods
Antibodies
Aptamers
Biosensors
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Electrochemistry
Epidemiology
Immobilization
Imprinted polymers
Pandemics
Polymers
Public health
Sensors
Sewage
Specificity
Target detection
Tracking
Wastewater
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Summary:Urban sewage carries a lot of information about human activities and is one of the most important links between humans and the natural ecological environment. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the tracking and monitoring of novel coronavirus loading in sewage have provided key data for the dynamic regulation of epidemic prevention and control policies. Thus, much attention has been paid to wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), an innovative approach to monitor public health and chemical consumption. Correspondingly, there are large demands for analytical methods with high sensitivity, high selectivity and instantaneous response for detecting target markers in sewage. Electrochemical biosensors present great prospects in WBE research because of their high sensitivity, strong specificity, good operability and requirement of a less sample amount. This review provides an overview of the sensing structure, signal amplification strategies and sensing modes of electrochemical biosensors. The recent progress in the application of the four common types of electrochemical biosensors, enzyme-based, antibody-based, aptamer and molecularly imprinted polymer sensors, is introduced, including the sensing mechanisms, immobilization of biorecognition elements and strategies for improving the performance. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for the future development of electrochemical biosensors for WBE research are presented. The fundamentals, sensing mechanisms, strategies for improving the performance and the representative discoveries of electrochemical biosensors for the monitoring of various targets are summarized.
ISSN:2053-1400
2053-1419
DOI:10.1039/d3ew00684k