J-PLUS: A wide-field multi-band study of the M 15 globular cluster: Evidence of multiple stellar populations in the RGB

Context. As a consequence of internal and external dynamical processes, Galactic globular clusters (GCs) have properties that vary radially. Wide-field observations covering the entire projected area of GCs out to their tidal radii ( r tidal ) can therefore give crucial information on these importan...

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Published in:Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin) 2019-02, Vol.622, p.A179
Main Authors: Bonatto, Charles, Chies-Santos, Ana L., Coelho, Paula R. T., Varela, Jesús, Larsen, Søren S., Javier Cenarro, A., San Roman, Izaskun, Marín-Franch, Antonio, Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia, Molino, Alberto, Ederoclite, Alessandro, Cortesi, Arianna, López-Sanjuan, Carlos, Cristóbal-Hornillos, David, Vázquez Ramió, Héctor, Sodré, Laerte, Sampedro, Laura, Costa-Duarte, Marcus V., Novais, Patrícia M., Dupke, Renato, Overzier, Roderik A., Ribeiro, Tiago, Santos, Walter A., Schoennell, William
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container_start_page A179
container_title Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin)
container_volume 622
creator Bonatto, Charles
Chies-Santos, Ana L.
Coelho, Paula R. T.
Varela, Jesús
Larsen, Søren S.
Javier Cenarro, A.
San Roman, Izaskun
Marín-Franch, Antonio
Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia
Molino, Alberto
Ederoclite, Alessandro
Cortesi, Arianna
López-Sanjuan, Carlos
Cristóbal-Hornillos, David
Vázquez Ramió, Héctor
Sodré, Laerte
Sampedro, Laura
Costa-Duarte, Marcus V.
Novais, Patrícia M.
Dupke, Renato
Overzier, Roderik A.
Ribeiro, Tiago
Santos, Walter A.
Schoennell, William
description Context. As a consequence of internal and external dynamical processes, Galactic globular clusters (GCs) have properties that vary radially. Wide-field observations covering the entire projected area of GCs out to their tidal radii ( r tidal ) can therefore give crucial information on these important relics of the Milky Way formation era. Aims. The Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) provides wide field-of-view (2 deg 2 ) images in 12 narrow, intermediate and broad-band filters optimized for stellar photometry. Here we have applied J-PLUS data for the first time for the study of Galactic GCs using science verification data obtained for the very metal-poor ([Fe/H] ≈−2.3) GC M 15 located at ~10 kpc from the Sun. Previous studies based on spectroscopy found evidence of multiple stellar populations (MPs) through their different abundances of C, N, O, and Na. Our J-PLUS data provide low-resolution spectral energy distributions covering the near-UV to the near-IR, allowing us to instead search for MPs based on pseudo-spectral fitting diagnostics. Methods. We have built and discussed the stellar radial density profile (RDP) and surface brightness profiles (SBPs) reaching up to r tidal . Since J-PLUS FoV is larger than M 15’s r tidal , the field contamination can be properly taken into account. We also demonstrated the power of J-PLUS unique filter system by showing colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) using different filter combinations and for different cluster regions. Results. J-PLUS photometric quality and depth are good enough to reach the upper end of M 15’s main-sequence. CMDs based on the colours ( u − z ) and ( J 0378 − J 0861) are found to be particularly useful to search for splits in the sequences formed by the upper red giant branch (RGB) and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. We interpret these split sequences as evidence for the presence of MPs. Furthermore, we show that the ( u − z ) × ( J 0378 − g ) colour–colour diagram allows us to distinguish clearly between field and M 15 stars, which is important to minimize the sample contamination. Conclusions. The J-PLUS filter combinations ( u − z ) and ( J 0378 − J 0861), which are sensitive to metal abundances, are able to distinguish different sequences in the upper RGB and AGB regions of the CMD of M 15, showing the feasibility of identifying MPs without the need of spectroscopy. This demonstrates that the J-PLUS survey will have sufficient spatial coverage and spectral resolution to
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T. ; Varela, Jesús ; Larsen, Søren S. ; Javier Cenarro, A. ; San Roman, Izaskun ; Marín-Franch, Antonio ; Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia ; Molino, Alberto ; Ederoclite, Alessandro ; Cortesi, Arianna ; López-Sanjuan, Carlos ; Cristóbal-Hornillos, David ; Vázquez Ramió, Héctor ; Sodré, Laerte ; Sampedro, Laura ; Costa-Duarte, Marcus V. ; Novais, Patrícia M. ; Dupke, Renato ; Overzier, Roderik A. ; Ribeiro, Tiago ; Santos, Walter A. ; Schoennell, William</creator><creatorcontrib>Bonatto, Charles ; Chies-Santos, Ana L. ; Coelho, Paula R. T. ; Varela, Jesús ; Larsen, Søren S. ; Javier Cenarro, A. ; San Roman, Izaskun ; Marín-Franch, Antonio ; Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia ; Molino, Alberto ; Ederoclite, Alessandro ; Cortesi, Arianna ; López-Sanjuan, Carlos ; Cristóbal-Hornillos, David ; Vázquez Ramió, Héctor ; Sodré, Laerte ; Sampedro, Laura ; Costa-Duarte, Marcus V. ; Novais, Patrícia M. ; Dupke, Renato ; Overzier, Roderik A. ; Ribeiro, Tiago ; Santos, Walter A. ; Schoennell, William</creatorcontrib><description>Context. As a consequence of internal and external dynamical processes, Galactic globular clusters (GCs) have properties that vary radially. Wide-field observations covering the entire projected area of GCs out to their tidal radii ( r tidal ) can therefore give crucial information on these important relics of the Milky Way formation era. Aims. The Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) provides wide field-of-view (2 deg 2 ) images in 12 narrow, intermediate and broad-band filters optimized for stellar photometry. Here we have applied J-PLUS data for the first time for the study of Galactic GCs using science verification data obtained for the very metal-poor ([Fe/H] ≈−2.3) GC M 15 located at ~10 kpc from the Sun. Previous studies based on spectroscopy found evidence of multiple stellar populations (MPs) through their different abundances of C, N, O, and Na. Our J-PLUS data provide low-resolution spectral energy distributions covering the near-UV to the near-IR, allowing us to instead search for MPs based on pseudo-spectral fitting diagnostics. Methods. We have built and discussed the stellar radial density profile (RDP) and surface brightness profiles (SBPs) reaching up to r tidal . Since J-PLUS FoV is larger than M 15’s r tidal , the field contamination can be properly taken into account. We also demonstrated the power of J-PLUS unique filter system by showing colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) using different filter combinations and for different cluster regions. Results. J-PLUS photometric quality and depth are good enough to reach the upper end of M 15’s main-sequence. CMDs based on the colours ( u − z ) and ( J 0378 − J 0861) are found to be particularly useful to search for splits in the sequences formed by the upper red giant branch (RGB) and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. We interpret these split sequences as evidence for the presence of MPs. Furthermore, we show that the ( u − z ) × ( J 0378 − g ) colour–colour diagram allows us to distinguish clearly between field and M 15 stars, which is important to minimize the sample contamination. Conclusions. The J-PLUS filter combinations ( u − z ) and ( J 0378 − J 0861), which are sensitive to metal abundances, are able to distinguish different sequences in the upper RGB and AGB regions of the CMD of M 15, showing the feasibility of identifying MPs without the need of spectroscopy. 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Our J-PLUS data provide low-resolution spectral energy distributions covering the near-UV to the near-IR, allowing us to instead search for MPs based on pseudo-spectral fitting diagnostics. Methods. We have built and discussed the stellar radial density profile (RDP) and surface brightness profiles (SBPs) reaching up to r tidal . Since J-PLUS FoV is larger than M 15’s r tidal , the field contamination can be properly taken into account. We also demonstrated the power of J-PLUS unique filter system by showing colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) using different filter combinations and for different cluster regions. Results. J-PLUS photometric quality and depth are good enough to reach the upper end of M 15’s main-sequence. CMDs based on the colours ( u − z ) and ( J 0378 − J 0861) are found to be particularly useful to search for splits in the sequences formed by the upper red giant branch (RGB) and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. We interpret these split sequences as evidence for the presence of MPs. Furthermore, we show that the ( u − z ) × ( J 0378 − g ) colour–colour diagram allows us to distinguish clearly between field and M 15 stars, which is important to minimize the sample contamination. Conclusions. The J-PLUS filter combinations ( u − z ) and ( J 0378 − J 0861), which are sensitive to metal abundances, are able to distinguish different sequences in the upper RGB and AGB regions of the CMD of M 15, showing the feasibility of identifying MPs without the need of spectroscopy. 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T.</au><au>Varela, Jesús</au><au>Larsen, Søren S.</au><au>Javier Cenarro, A.</au><au>San Roman, Izaskun</au><au>Marín-Franch, Antonio</au><au>Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia</au><au>Molino, Alberto</au><au>Ederoclite, Alessandro</au><au>Cortesi, Arianna</au><au>López-Sanjuan, Carlos</au><au>Cristóbal-Hornillos, David</au><au>Vázquez Ramió, Héctor</au><au>Sodré, Laerte</au><au>Sampedro, Laura</au><au>Costa-Duarte, Marcus V.</au><au>Novais, Patrícia M.</au><au>Dupke, Renato</au><au>Overzier, Roderik A.</au><au>Ribeiro, Tiago</au><au>Santos, Walter A.</au><au>Schoennell, William</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>J-PLUS: A wide-field multi-band study of the M 15 globular cluster: Evidence of multiple stellar populations in the RGB</atitle><jtitle>Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin)</jtitle><date>2019-02-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>622</volume><spage>A179</spage><pages>A179-</pages><issn>0004-6361</issn><eissn>1432-0746</eissn><abstract>Context. As a consequence of internal and external dynamical processes, Galactic globular clusters (GCs) have properties that vary radially. Wide-field observations covering the entire projected area of GCs out to their tidal radii ( r tidal ) can therefore give crucial information on these important relics of the Milky Way formation era. Aims. The Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) provides wide field-of-view (2 deg 2 ) images in 12 narrow, intermediate and broad-band filters optimized for stellar photometry. Here we have applied J-PLUS data for the first time for the study of Galactic GCs using science verification data obtained for the very metal-poor ([Fe/H] ≈−2.3) GC M 15 located at ~10 kpc from the Sun. Previous studies based on spectroscopy found evidence of multiple stellar populations (MPs) through their different abundances of C, N, O, and Na. Our J-PLUS data provide low-resolution spectral energy distributions covering the near-UV to the near-IR, allowing us to instead search for MPs based on pseudo-spectral fitting diagnostics. Methods. We have built and discussed the stellar radial density profile (RDP) and surface brightness profiles (SBPs) reaching up to r tidal . Since J-PLUS FoV is larger than M 15’s r tidal , the field contamination can be properly taken into account. We also demonstrated the power of J-PLUS unique filter system by showing colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) using different filter combinations and for different cluster regions. Results. J-PLUS photometric quality and depth are good enough to reach the upper end of M 15’s main-sequence. CMDs based on the colours ( u − z ) and ( J 0378 − J 0861) are found to be particularly useful to search for splits in the sequences formed by the upper red giant branch (RGB) and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. We interpret these split sequences as evidence for the presence of MPs. Furthermore, we show that the ( u − z ) × ( J 0378 − g ) colour–colour diagram allows us to distinguish clearly between field and M 15 stars, which is important to minimize the sample contamination. Conclusions. The J-PLUS filter combinations ( u − z ) and ( J 0378 − J 0861), which are sensitive to metal abundances, are able to distinguish different sequences in the upper RGB and AGB regions of the CMD of M 15, showing the feasibility of identifying MPs without the need of spectroscopy. This demonstrates that the J-PLUS survey will have sufficient spatial coverage and spectral resolution to perform a large statistical study of GCs through multi-band photometry in the coming years.</abstract><doi>10.1051/0004-6361/201732441</doi></addata></record>
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title J-PLUS: A wide-field multi-band study of the M 15 globular cluster: Evidence of multiple stellar populations in the RGB
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