SDI Dripline Spacing Effect on Corn and Soybean Yield in a Piedmont Clay Soil

• Published in: Journal of irrigation and drainage engineering 2011-01, Vol.137 (1), p.27-36
• Main Authors: Grabow, G. L, Huffman, R. L, Evans, R. O
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural and forest climatology and meteorology. Irrigation. Drainage; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biological and medical sciences; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General agronomy. Plant production; Irrigation. Drainage; TECHNICAL PAPERS
• ISSN: 0733-9437; 1943-4774
• DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000277

A subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) system was installed in the Piedmont of North Carolina in a clay soil in the fall of 2001 to test the effect of dripline spacing on corn and soybean yield. The system was zoned into three sections; each section was cropped to either corn (Zea mays L.), full-season soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], or winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) double cropped to soybean representing any year of a typical crop rotation in the region. Each section had four plots; two SDI plots with dripline spacing at either 1.52 or 2.28 m, an overhead sprinkler irrigated plot, and an unirrigated plot. There was no difference in average corn grain yield for 2002–2005 between dripline spacings or between either dripline spacing and sprinkler. Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) was greater for sprinkler irrigated corn than for either SDI treatment and there was no difference in IWUE in soybean. Water typically moved laterally from the driplines 0.38 to 0.50 m. SDI yield and IWUE increased relative to sprinkler yields and water use efficiency in the second and third year of the study. This may suggest that initial fracturing of the heavy clay soil during SDI system installation and subsequent settling of the soil affected water distribution.