Local etching of nanoholes and quantum rings with InxGa1−x droplets

• Published in: Journal of applied physics 2009-09, Vol.106 (6)
• Main Authors: Stemmann, A., Köppen, T., Grave, M., Wildfang, S., Mendach, S., Hansen, W., Heyn, Ch
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0021-8979; 1089-7550
• DOI: 10.1063/1.3225759

We study the formation of nanoholes and quantum rings in GaAs and AlGaAs surfaces by local droplet etching with InxGa1−x. The rings are crystallized from droplet material and surround the nanohole openings. In particular, the influence of the In content x on density, diameter, and depth of the nanoholes is investigated. Our data establish an exponential dependence of these quantities on x, which is quantitatively reproduced by a model that considers different surface diffusion energy barriers for Ga and In. By etching with pure In, hole densities as low as 5×106 cm−2 have been achieved. In addition, for low In content incompletely removed initial droplets are visible on the surface. These droplets are not visible on samples with x>0.5 which indicates a higher desorption rate of In compared to Ga. As a consequence, even in the case of etching with InGa the quantum rings consist of nearly pure GaAs. This is confirmed by photoluminescence experiments of quantum rings overgrown with AlGaAs barrier material.