Effect of restricted geometry on the superconducting properties of low-melting metals (Review Article)

This is a review of results from studies of the effect of artificially restricted geometry (the size effect) on the superconducting properties of nanoparticles of low-melting metals (Hg, Pb, Sn, In). Restricted geometrical conditions are created by embedding molten metals under high pressure into na...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Low temperature physics (Woodbury, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2016-11, Vol.42 (11), p.1028-1040
Main Authors: Kumzerov, Yu. A., Naberezhnov, A. A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asbestos
Aspect ratio
Borosilicate glass
Chrysotile
Critical temperature
Lead
Liquid metals
Mercury (metal)
Nanoparticles
Size effects
Superconductivity
Tin
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Summary:This is a review of results from studies of the effect of artificially restricted geometry (the size effect) on the superconducting properties of nanoparticles of low-melting metals (Hg, Pb, Sn, In). Restricted geometrical conditions are created by embedding molten metals under high pressure into nanoporous matrices of two types: channel structures based on chrysotile asbestos and porous alkali-borosilicate glasses. Chrysotile asbestos is a system of parallel nanotubes with channel diameters ranging from 2 to 20 nm and an aspect ratio (channel length to diameter) of up to 107. The glasses are a random dendritic three-dimensional system of interconnected channels with a technologically controllable mean diameter of 2–30 nm. Temperature dependences of the resistance and heat capacity in the region of the superconducting transition and the dependences of the critical temperature on the mean pore diameter are obtained. The critical magnetic fields are also determined.
ISSN:1063-777X
1090-6517
DOI:10.1063/1.4971168