Reduced dislocation density and residual tension in AlN grown on SiC by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

• Published in: Applied physics letters 2019-10, Vol.115 (16)
• Main Authors: Zollner, Christian J., Almogbel, Abdullah, Yao, Yifan, SaifAddin, Burhan K., Wu, Feng, Iza, Michael, DenBaars, Steven P., Speck, James S., Nakamura, Shuji
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Applied physics; Arc deposition; Buffer layers; Chemical vapor deposition; Dislocation density; Edge dislocations; Energy gap; Mapping; Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Misfit dislocations; Optoelectronics; Organic chemistry; Pretreatment; Substrates; Thermal expansion; Threading dislocations; Transmission electron microscopy
• ISSN: 0003-6951; 1077-3118
• DOI: 10.1063/1.5123623

Crack-free AlN films with threading dislocation density (TDD) below 109 cm−2 are needed for deep-UV optoelectronics. This is typically achieved using pulsed lateral overgrowth or very thick buffer layers (>10 μm), a costly and time-consuming approach. A method for conventional metalorganic chemical vapor deposition growth of AlN/SiC films below 3 μm with greatly improved quality is presented. Focusing on substrate pretreatment before growth, we reduce average film stress from 0.9 GPa (tension) to −1.1 GPa (compression) and eliminate cracking. Next, with optimized growth conditions during initial deposition, AlN films with x-ray rocking curve widths of 123 arc-sec ( 0002) and 304 arc-sec ( 20 2 ¯ 1) are developed, and TDD is confirmed via plan view transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to be 2  × 108 cm−2. Film stress measurements including x-ray 2θ-ω, reciprocal space mapping, and curvature depict compressively stressed growth of AlN on 4H-SiC due to lattice mismatch. The thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between AlN and SiC is measured to be Δ α = α AlN − α SiC = 1.13 × 10 − 6   ° C − 1 and is found to be constant between room temperature and 1400 °C. TEM confirms the existence of dense misfit dislocation (MD) networks consistent with MD formation near SiC step edges and low MD density regions attributed to nearly coherent AlN growth on SiC terraces. These low-TDD, crack-free AlN/SiC buffers provide a platform for deep-UV optoelectronics and ultrawide bandgap electronics.