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Symmetry breaking induced bandgap opening in epitaxial germanene on WSe2
Germanene has attracted much attention because the material was predicted to host Dirac fermions. However, the synthesis of germanene is still in its infancy; moreover, the predicted tiny bandgap induced by the spin–orbit coupling is far from practical applications for nanoelectronic devices. Herein...
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Published in: | Applied physics letters 2022-08, Vol.121 (5) |
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container_title | Applied physics letters |
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creator | Wu, Qilong Bagheri Tagani, Meysam Tian, Qiwei Izadi Vishkayi, Sahar Zhang, Li Yin, Long-Jing Tian, Yuan Zhang, Lijie Qin, Zhihui |
description | Germanene has attracted much attention because the material was predicted to host Dirac fermions. However, the synthesis of germanene is still in its infancy; moreover, the predicted tiny bandgap induced by the spin–orbit coupling is far from practical applications for nanoelectronic devices. Herein, quasi-freestanding germanene with linear dispersion relation of the band structure is well grown on a WSe2/Au(100) substrate. Band structure calculations reveal that the interaction of germanene with the substrate destroys the sublattice symmetry. The energy-dependent contribution of σ orbitals responsible for band crossing at the Fermi level around the Γ point induces asymmetric density of states at the Dirac point. Upon annealing in ultra-high vacuum, we observe a bandgap opening in germanene of about ∼0.17 eV, which is attributed to a sublattice symmetry breaking in germanene and the emergence of a net electric field. This work provides an effective method to tune or tailor the electronic properties of germanene, paving the way to germanene-based field-effect applications. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/5.0103367 |
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However, the synthesis of germanene is still in its infancy; moreover, the predicted tiny bandgap induced by the spin–orbit coupling is far from practical applications for nanoelectronic devices. Herein, quasi-freestanding germanene with linear dispersion relation of the band structure is well grown on a WSe2/Au(100) substrate. Band structure calculations reveal that the interaction of germanene with the substrate destroys the sublattice symmetry. The energy-dependent contribution of σ orbitals responsible for band crossing at the Fermi level around the Γ point induces asymmetric density of states at the Dirac point. Upon annealing in ultra-high vacuum, we observe a bandgap opening in germanene of about ∼0.17 eV, which is attributed to a sublattice symmetry breaking in germanene and the emergence of a net electric field. This work provides an effective method to tune or tailor the electronic properties of germanene, paving the way to germanene-based field-effect applications.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-6951</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1077-3118</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/5.0103367</identifier><identifier>CODEN: APPLAB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>Applied physics ; Band structure of solids ; Broken symmetry ; Electric fields ; Energy gap ; Fermions ; High vacuum ; Nanoelectronics ; Nanotechnology devices ; Spin-orbit interactions ; Substrates ; Symmetry</subject><ispartof>Applied physics letters, 2022-08, Vol.121 (5)</ispartof><rights>Author(s)</rights><rights>2022 Author(s). 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This work provides an effective method to tune or tailor the electronic properties of germanene, paving the way to germanene-based field-effect applications.</description><subject>Applied physics</subject><subject>Band structure of solids</subject><subject>Broken symmetry</subject><subject>Electric fields</subject><subject>Energy gap</subject><subject>Fermions</subject><subject>High vacuum</subject><subject>Nanoelectronics</subject><subject>Nanotechnology devices</subject><subject>Spin-orbit interactions</subject><subject>Substrates</subject><subject>Symmetry</subject><issn>0003-6951</issn><issn>1077-3118</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp90E1Lw0AQBuBFFKzVg_9gwZNC6n64meYoRa1Q8FDF47Ifk5LabOJuKvbfG0nRg-BpmOFhhnkJOedswlkur9WEcSZlDgdkxBlAJjmfHpIRY0xmeaH4MTlJad23Skg5IvPlrq6xiztqI5q3KqxoFfzWoafWBL8yLW1aDMOcYlt15rMyG7rCWJuAAWkT6OsSxSk5Ks0m4dm-jsnL_d3zbJ4tnh4eZ7eLzEkBXTY1Xlil0N1IITyiBGuYEM5aNDB11njPrAQsGBjwPIdCAVjf87wsS5RyTC6GvW1s3reYOr1utjH0J7XIC-BQ8AJ6dTkoF5uUIpa6jVVt4k5zpr-D0krvg-rt1WCT67_rqib84I8m_kLd-vI__HfzF-KNdu0</recordid><startdate>20220801</startdate><enddate>20220801</enddate><creator>Wu, Qilong</creator><creator>Bagheri Tagani, Meysam</creator><creator>Tian, Qiwei</creator><creator>Izadi Vishkayi, Sahar</creator><creator>Zhang, Li</creator><creator>Yin, Long-Jing</creator><creator>Tian, Yuan</creator><creator>Zhang, Lijie</creator><creator>Qin, Zhihui</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1167-5612</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4145-5741</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8717-5724</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0896-0642</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0314-1007</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7065-3195</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220801</creationdate><title>Symmetry breaking induced bandgap opening in epitaxial germanene on WSe2</title><author>Wu, Qilong ; Bagheri Tagani, Meysam ; Tian, Qiwei ; Izadi Vishkayi, Sahar ; Zhang, Li ; Yin, Long-Jing ; Tian, Yuan ; Zhang, Lijie ; Qin, Zhihui</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c327t-8ad2b55ec4322dee37ba022cbbea78cbadd0b37e907a7d1679577bdc436fffe33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Applied physics</topic><topic>Band structure of solids</topic><topic>Broken symmetry</topic><topic>Electric fields</topic><topic>Energy gap</topic><topic>Fermions</topic><topic>High vacuum</topic><topic>Nanoelectronics</topic><topic>Nanotechnology devices</topic><topic>Spin-orbit interactions</topic><topic>Substrates</topic><topic>Symmetry</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wu, Qilong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bagheri Tagani, Meysam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tian, Qiwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Izadi Vishkayi, Sahar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yin, Long-Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tian, Yuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Lijie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qin, Zhihui</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Applied physics letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wu, Qilong</au><au>Bagheri Tagani, Meysam</au><au>Tian, Qiwei</au><au>Izadi Vishkayi, Sahar</au><au>Zhang, Li</au><au>Yin, Long-Jing</au><au>Tian, Yuan</au><au>Zhang, Lijie</au><au>Qin, Zhihui</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Symmetry breaking induced bandgap opening in epitaxial germanene on WSe2</atitle><jtitle>Applied physics letters</jtitle><date>2022-08-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>121</volume><issue>5</issue><issn>0003-6951</issn><eissn>1077-3118</eissn><coden>APPLAB</coden><abstract>Germanene has attracted much attention because the material was predicted to host Dirac fermions. 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subjects | Applied physics Band structure of solids Broken symmetry Electric fields Energy gap Fermions High vacuum Nanoelectronics Nanotechnology devices Spin-orbit interactions Substrates Symmetry |
title | Symmetry breaking induced bandgap opening in epitaxial germanene on WSe2 |
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