Characteristics of branched flows of high-current relativistic electron beams in porous materials

Branched flow is a universal phenomenon in which treebranch-like filaments form through traveling waves or particle flows in irregular mediums. Branched flow of high-current relativistic electron beams (REBs) in porous materials has been recently discovered [Jiang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 18500...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physics of plasmas 2024-02, Vol.31 (2)
Main Authors: Jiang, K., Huang, T. W., Li, R., Zhou, C. T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Density
Filaments
Focusing
High current
Lorentz factor
Particle beams
Pore size
Porous materials
Relativistic effects
Relativistic electron beams
Traveling waves
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Summary:Branched flow is a universal phenomenon in which treebranch-like filaments form through traveling waves or particle flows in irregular mediums. Branched flow of high-current relativistic electron beams (REBs) in porous materials has been recently discovered [Jiang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 185001 (2023)]. REB branching is accompanied by extreme beam focusing, up to a hundred times the initial value, at predictable caustic locations. The energy coupling efficiency between the beam and porous material surpasses that in homogeneous targets by two orders of magnitude. This paper examines REB branching, focusing on how beam parameters (e.g., Lorentz factor and density) and characteristics of the porous materials (e.g., pore size, skeleton thickness, and density) influence branching patterns. Analyses of the dynamics of individual beam electrons are also provided. The findings pave the way for further understanding REB branching and its potential applications in the future.
ISSN:1070-664X
1089-7674
DOI:10.1063/5.0191515