Soot Formation in Unstrained Diffusion Flames

The formation of soot particles has been investigated in CH 4 /O 2 diffusion flames using a unique burner design, which allows the creation of a nearly unstrained planar reaction sheet. Spatially resolved soot volume fractions were obtained using laser-induced incandescence. These soot measurements...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Combustion science and technology 2015-01, Vol.187 (4), p.577-593
Main Authors: Robert, Etienne, Olofsson, Nils-Erik, Bladh, Henrik, Johnsson, Jonathan, Bengtsson, Per-Erik
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aggregates
Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics
Atom- och molekylfysik och optik
Carbon
Combustion
Diffusion
Diffusion flame
Diffusion flames
Formations
Fysik
Incandescence
Laser-induced incandescence
Measurement
Microstructure
Nanotubes
Natural Sciences
Naturvetenskap
Physical Sciences
Sampling
Soot
Super aggregate
Thermophoresis
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Summary:The formation of soot particles has been investigated in CH 4 /O 2 diffusion flames using a unique burner design, which allows the creation of a nearly unstrained planar reaction sheet. Spatially resolved soot volume fractions were obtained using laser-induced incandescence. These soot measurements and the sooting limits were obtained as a function of bulk flow across the flame and mixture strength. Samples were collected using thermophoretic sampling and analyzed using electron microscopy, revealing a broad range of microstructures including particles with unusually large primary diameters and carbon nanotubes. A theoretical model is presented, which confirms that under certain conditions the 1D nature of the flow field of the burner and the strong adverse temperature gradient on the fuel side of the flame result in the soot particles being held in place by thermophoretic forces and allowed to grow for very long time periods. Some of these so-called super aggregates reached sizes of tens of microns and became visible to the naked eye in the soot layer.
ISSN:0010-2202
1563-521X
1563-521X
DOI:10.1080/00102202.2014.958219