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New Caledonian Nickel and the Origins of the Axis Alliance, 1931-40

In a 25 August 1940 telegram, the Vichy colonial ministry ordered New Caledonia to turn over its entire nickel production to Japan. This decision, announced in Nouméa on 3 September 1940, has been interpreted by memoirists and historians alike as a 'camouflaged' military invasion and a tri...

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Published in:	The Journal of Pacific history 2019-10, Vol.54 (4), p.443-460
Main Author:	Denton, Chad B.
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Alliances France Germany Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere Historians Invasions Japan Military weapons New Caledonia Nickel Soviet Union Tripartite Pact
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container_title	The Journal of Pacific history
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description	In a 25 August 1940 telegram, the Vichy colonial ministry ordered New Caledonia to turn over its entire nickel production to Japan. This decision, announced in Nouméa on 3 September 1940, has been interpreted by memoirists and historians alike as a 'camouflaged' military invasion and a trigger for the successful bloodless coup that brought New Caledonia to the side of Free France 16 days later. The telegram's full text, however, suggests an equally important interpretation, one that contributes to recent scholarship arguing for the 'trans-imperial' origins of the 'global axis alliance' from 1931 to 1940. Drawing on Japanese, Australian, American and French archival sources, this article argues that New Caledonian nickel - a crucial metal in armament production - not only helped Japan's pursuit of autarkic empire in the 1930s but also served as a Japanese bargaining chip that helped convince the Germans to sign the Tripartite Pact on 27 September 1940.
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source	International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS); Taylor and Francis Social Sciences and Humanities Collection
subjects	Alliances France Germany Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere Historians Invasions Japan Military weapons New Caledonia Nickel Soviet Union Tripartite Pact
title	New Caledonian Nickel and the Origins of the Axis Alliance, 1931-40
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