Ginger extract activates caspase independent paraptosis in cancer cells via ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, AIF translocation and DNA damage

The rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale) a common culinary agent is also known for its medicinal activity. We have earlier reported that pure 6-shogaol, an important component of ginger induces paraptosis in triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) and non small cell lung (A549) cancer cells. H...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrition and cancer 2021, Vol.73 (1), p.147-159
Main Authors: Nedungadi, Divya, Binoy, Anupama, Vinod, Vivek, Vanuopadath, Muralidharan, Nair, Sudarslal Sadasivan, Nair, Bipin G., Mishra, Nandita
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anticancer properties
Antitumor activity
Apoptosis
Apoptosis-inducing factor
Aquatic plants
Breast cancer
Cancer
Caspase
Caspases
Catechols
Cell death
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA Damage
DNA fragmentation
Ginger
Gingerol
Membrane potential
Metabolites
Mitochondria
Molecular modelling
Neoplasms
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Plant Extracts
Rhizomes
Translocation
Zingiber officinale
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Summary:The rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale) a common culinary agent is also known for its medicinal activity. We have earlier reported that pure 6-shogaol, an important component of ginger induces paraptosis in triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) and non small cell lung (A549) cancer cells. However, the chemopreventive potential of the whole ginger extract in food remains to be elucidated. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that ginger extract (GE) triggers similar anticancer activity/paraptosis against the same cell lines but through different molecular mechanisms. Q-TOF LC-MS analysis of the extract showed the presence of several other metabolites along with 6-shogaol and 6-gingerol. GE induces cytoplasmic vacuolation through ER stress and dilation of the ER. Drastic decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production along with the excess generation of ROS contributed to mitochondrial dysfunction. Consequently, GE caused the translocation of apoptosis inducing factor to the nucleus leading to the fragmentation of DNA. Taken together, these show a novel mechanism for ginger extract induced cancer cell death that can be of potential interest for cancer preventive strategies.
ISSN:0163-5581
1532-7914
DOI:10.1080/01635581.2019.1685113