Probabilistic health risk assessment and concentration of trace elements in meat, egg, and milk of Iran

This research was performed to assess the concentration and health risk of eight trace elements (manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As)) in animal product samples (n = 120) in Markazi province of Iran by inductively coupled plasma o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental analytical chemistry 2023-12, Vol.103 (18), p.6940-6951
Main Authors: Karimi, Fereshteh, Rezaei, Moahammad, Shariatifar, Nabi, alikord, Mahsa, Arabameri, Majid, Moazzen, Mojtaba
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal products
Arsenic
Cadmium
Carcinogens
Chromium
Copper
egg
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Heavy metals
ICP-OES
Inductively coupled plasma
Industrial research
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Meat
Mercury
Mercury (metal)
Metals
Milk
Optical emission spectroscopy
Probability theory
Quotients
Risk assessment
Spectrometry
Statistical analysis
Trace elements
Trace elements (nutrients)
Zinc
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Summary:This research was performed to assess the concentration and health risk of eight trace elements (manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As)) in animal product samples (n = 120) in Markazi province of Iran by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Some trace elements such as Mn, Hg, Cu, Pb, Fe, and Zn were detected in samples while Cd and As non-detected. Fe had the highest mean level of trace elements in meat samples (1551.28 ± 83.25 μg/kg). The levels of Pb and Hg in some samples were upper than the limit of the European Commission (EC) and the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI), International/National Standards for Heavy Metals, and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Deterministic and probabilistic health risk assessment approaches to evaluate of the target hazard quotients (THQ) and carcinogenic risks (CR) index were applied. The Monte Carlo probability distributions revealed that the rank order of total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) was milk > meat > egg. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic index of toxic elements indicated that exposed population in Markazi province was safe (1> THQ, 10 −4 > CR), except Hg exposure for children in milk.
ISSN:0306-7319
1029-0397
DOI:10.1080/03067319.2021.1963719