Concentration of deoxynivalenol in single kernels and various tissues of wheat heads

An improved method of extraction of deoxynivalenol (DON) from small samples of plant tissues is described. Using a ball mill, the extraction time was reduced from 60 minutes to 1 minute and the amount of monoclonal antibodies required for a reliable competitive direct (CD)-ELISA was reduced from 100...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Canadian journal of plant pathology 1997-03, Vol.19 (1), p.8-12
Main Authors: Sinha, R.C, Savard, M.E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
chaff
chemical constituents of plants
deoxynivalenol
detection
extraction
fungal diseases of plants
Gibberella zeae
grains
infection
inflorescences
peduncles
pink tombstone kernels
rachis
sampling
seeds
shrivelled kernels
spatial distribution
symptoms
Triticum aestivum
visually healthy kernels
white tombstone kernels
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Summary:An improved method of extraction of deoxynivalenol (DON) from small samples of plant tissues is described. Using a ball mill, the extraction time was reduced from 60 minutes to 1 minute and the amount of monoclonal antibodies required for a reliable competitive direct (CD)-ELISA was reduced from 100 micrograms/mL to 5 micrograms/mL. Using this method, we analysed the kernels, chaff, rachis and peduncle of individual heads of wheat plants that had been field-inoculated with Fusarium graminearum. The DON concentration varied considerably among the same tissues from different plants. The median concentration of DON was highest in the rachis (93 ppm), followed by chaff (50 ppm), kernels (25 ppm), and peduncles (16 ppm). We also determined the DON concentration in single kernels obtained from a naturally-affected commercial wheat field. One hundred each of visibly unaffected ("normal-looking") kernels, shrivelled kernels, and fusarium damaged ("white tombstone" and "pink tombstone") kernels were analysed. DON was detected in about 50% of the normal-looking and shrivelled kernels, but typically at concentrations of 5 ppm or less. DON levels in tombstone kernels varied from less than 1 ppm to 600 ppm, with a mean of 275 ppm and 118 ppm in pink tombstone and white tombstone kernels, respectively.
ISSN:0706-0661
1715-2992
DOI:10.1080/07060669709500578