Colletotrichum sp: a potential candidate for biocontrol of scentless chamomile (Matricaria perforata) in western Canada

Based on an assessment of 706 fungal isolates obtained from Canada and Europe, a group of Colletotrichum sp. isolates, tentatively identified as C. truncatum, was moderately efficacious for biocontrol of scentless chamomile (Matricaria perforata). In this study, 19 C. truncatum isolates, 11 from Can...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biocontrol science and technology 2005-08, Vol.15 (5), p.497-511
Main Authors: Peng, G, Bailey, K.L, Hinz, H.L, Byer, K.N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
bentazon
bioherbicide
biological control
biological control agents
Colletotrichum
Colletotrichum truncatum
food safety
host specificity
integrated weed management
Matricaria perforata
mycoherbicides
scentless chamomile
strain differences
strains
synergism
synergy
Tripleurospermum perforatum
virulence
water requirement
weed control
weeds
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Summary:Based on an assessment of 706 fungal isolates obtained from Canada and Europe, a group of Colletotrichum sp. isolates, tentatively identified as C. truncatum, was moderately efficacious for biocontrol of scentless chamomile (Matricaria perforata). In this study, 19 C. truncatum isolates, 11 from Canada and eight from Europe, were compared for virulence, crop safety, and minimum dew requirement for infection to narrow the selection of candidates. Applied at 1x10(6) spores mL-1, these isolates expressed variable virulence under controlled environments, with slightly higher variations observed on the Canadian isolates. There was also a slight difference in host specificity among the isolates tested; most isolates caused disease only on chamomile species (M. perforata and M. recutita) but two Canadian isolates also infected lentil, flax, or both. At 20°C, most isolates required more than 20 h dew for maximum infection. This requirement can be an impediment for using this fungus as a biocontrol agent in western Canada where the climate is semi-arid. Treatment of scentless chamomile at the 10-leaf stage with the herbicide metribuzin 48 h prior to fungal inoculation increased weed control to 72%, compared to 40 and 47% by the herbicide and fungus applied alone. However, a similar treatment using the herbicide bentazon did not enhance the weed control significantly as compared to the herbicide alone.
ISSN:0958-3157
1360-0478
DOI:10.1080/09583150500086854