Sequencing and characterization of complete mitogenome DNA of worldwide turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) populations

The history of turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) domestication can be traced back to the period between 700 and 200 BC in Mexico. This process involved multiple contributors and resulted in the development of modern local turkey breeds. This research investigates the complete mitochondrial diversity acro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Animal biotechnology 2024-11, Vol.35 (1), p.2397682
Main Authors: Ferrari, Carlotta, Marelli, Stefano P., Bagnato, Alessandro, Cerolini, Silvia, Strillacci, Maria G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biodiversity
DNA sequencing
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
Domestication
Gene sequencing
genetic variability
Genetic Variation
Genome, Mitochondrial - genetics
Haplotypes
Haplotypes - genetics
Meleagris gallopavo
Mitochondrial DNA
mtDNA
Phylogeny
Population genetics
Populations
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Turkeys
Turkeys - genetics
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Summary:The history of turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) domestication can be traced back to the period between 700 and 200 BC in Mexico. This process involved multiple contributors and resulted in the development of modern local turkey breeds. This research investigates the complete mitochondrial diversity across a diverse range of local turkeys. Seventy-three turkeys were sampled from various populations, including autochthonous Italian breeds, an American breed (Narragansett), as well as wild turkeys from the USA and Mexico. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was employed as a powerful tool for biodiversity and breed phylogeny investigation. An analysis of the entire mtDNA was conducted to identify breed-specific unique traits, mitochondrial-specific characteristics, and the phylogenetic relationship among turkey populations. A total of 44 polymorphic sites were identified. Brianzolo and Narragansett birds were characterized as genetically homogeneous populations. Thirty-two different haplotypes were identified when our samples were compared with mtDNA D-loop of 96 online available turkeys from various geographical countries. H1 and H2, differing for one mutation, were the most abundant, comprising 132 of the 185 sequences. H1 included samples coming from every region, while H2 was predominantly characterized by Italian samples. USA and Mexican samples appear to be more variable in their mtDNA than the other populations.
ISSN:1049-5398
1532-2378
1532-2378
DOI:10.1080/10495398.2024.2397682