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effect of apigenin on cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin genotoxicity in vitro and in vivo

The aim of this study was to investigate the mutagenic and antigenotoxic effects of different doses of the flavonoid, apigenin, alone and in combination with the antitumor drugs, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin, in vitro and in vivo. Using bacterial reverse mutation inhibition in vitro, with and wi...

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Published in:Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering, 2011-01, Vol.46 (5), p.526-533
Main Authors: BOKULIC, Ana, GARAJ-VRHOVAC, Verica, BRAJSA, Karmen, DURIC, Koraljka, GLOJNARIC, Ines, SITUM, Kristina
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container_title Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering
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creator BOKULIC, Ana
GARAJ-VRHOVAC, Verica
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DURIC, Koraljka
GLOJNARIC, Ines
SITUM, Kristina
description The aim of this study was to investigate the mutagenic and antigenotoxic effects of different doses of the flavonoid, apigenin, alone and in combination with the antitumor drugs, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin, in vitro and in vivo. Using bacterial reverse mutation inhibition in vitro, with and without metabolic activation, the effect of apigenin (10 – 400 μg/plate) was studied on genotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (800 μg/plate) and by doxorubicin (0.2 μg/plate). Subsequent to a dose-finding study in vivo, CD1 mice were treated with either cyclophosphamide (40 mg/kg, i.p.) or doxorubicin (5 mg/kg, i.p.) with or without co-administration of apigenin (1–100 mg/kg, p.o.). Micronuclei were determined microscopically in blood smears and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidative status (TAS) in whole blood, erythrocytes and plasma, respectively. Apigenin decreased doxorubicin-induced, but not cyclophosphamide-induced mutagenicity in vitro. In vivo, apigenin caused a statistically significant decrease in micronucleus frequency in response to cyclophosphamide, possibly due to active flavonoid metabolite formation or inhibition of cyclophosphamide metabolic activation. In animals treated with apigenin and doxorubicin, a significant decrease in micronucleus frequency was not observed, probably due to interindividual variability. No changes in GPX, SOD or TAS were observed in response to either cytotoxic agents or the flavonoid, possibly due to limited metabolic transformation of the drugs at the doses used. The results of the present study provide further evidence for the chemo-preventative properties of apigenin.
doi_str_mv 10.1080/10934529.2011.551744
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Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances &amp; environmental engineering</jtitle><addtitle>J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng</addtitle><date>2011-01-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>46</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>526</spage><epage>533</epage><pages>526-533</pages><issn>1532-4117</issn><issn>1093-4529</issn><eissn>1532-4117</eissn><abstract>The aim of this study was to investigate the mutagenic and antigenotoxic effects of different doses of the flavonoid, apigenin, alone and in combination with the antitumor drugs, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin, in vitro and in vivo. Using bacterial reverse mutation inhibition in vitro, with and without metabolic activation, the effect of apigenin (10 – 400 μg/plate) was studied on genotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (800 μg/plate) and by doxorubicin (0.2 μg/plate). 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identifier ISSN: 1532-4117
ispartof Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering, 2011-01, Vol.46 (5), p.526-533
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source Taylor and Francis Science and Technology Collection
subjects Ames test
Animals
Antineoplastic Agents - toxicity
Antioxidants - chemistry
antitumor drugs
Apigenin
Apigenin - pharmacology
Applied sciences
Bacteria
Chemical compounds
cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide - toxicity
cytotoxicity
DNA Damage
doxorubicin
Doxorubicin - toxicity
Environmental science
erythrocytes
Exact sciences and technology
flavonoids
genotoxicity
glutathione peroxidase
Glutathione Peroxidase - blood
in vivo studies
Metabolites
Mice
micronucleus test
Mutagenesis
mutagenicity
Mutagenicity Tests
Mutation
Pollution
Salmonella typhimurium
superoxide dismutase
Superoxide Dismutase - blood
Toxicity
title effect of apigenin on cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin genotoxicity in vitro and in vivo
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