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Prevalence of water-related diseases and groundwater (drinking-water) contamination in the suburban municipality of Mont Ngafula, Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)

An epidemiological survey conducted among users of water points and medical institutions in the N'djili Kilambu neighborhood of Kinshasa in Democratic Republic of the Congo, indicates that waterborne diseases have already affected more than 60% of the patients admitted to local clinics between...

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Published in:Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering, 2019-07, Vol.54 (9), p.840-850
Main Authors: Kapembo, Michel L., Al Salah, Dhafer Mohammed M., Thevenon, Florian, Laffite, Amandine, Bokolo, Mathieu K., Mulaji, Crispin K., Mpiana, Pius T., Poté, John
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creator Kapembo, Michel L.
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Mpiana, Pius T.
Poté, John
description An epidemiological survey conducted among users of water points and medical institutions in the N'djili Kilambu neighborhood of Kinshasa in Democratic Republic of the Congo, indicates that waterborne diseases have already affected more than 60% of the patients admitted to local clinics between 2013 and 2017. In order to raise public and political awareness about this hazardous health issue resulting from the lack of safely managed sanitation systems, this study investigates the microbial quality of drinking water from local water resources. Water samples were collected from nine wells and streams used as drinking sources, and analyzed for Fecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB), including Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, and Total Coliforms. Physicochemical parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, O 2 , and soluble ions (Na + , K + , PO 4 3- , SO 4 2- , NO 3 - , NO 2 - ) were also analyzed. Except for NO 3 - and NO 2 - , the average concentrations of the physicochemical parameters and dissolved ions generally meet the guidelines for drinking/domestic water quality. By contrast, the results reveal high levels of FIB in the water samples collected during both dry and wet seasons. The contamination is significantly higher during the wet season compared to dry season, due to increased runoff, open defecation practices, and more frequent overflow of onsite sanitation systems and septic tanks.
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identifier ISSN: 1093-4529
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subjects cholera
Coliforms
Contamination
Defecation
Domestic water
Drinking water
drinking water quality
Dry season
E coli
Electrical conductivity
Electrical resistivity
Epidemiology
Fecal coliforms
fecal indicator bacteria
Groundwater
Groundwater pollution
Health care facilities
human risk
Microorganisms
Neighborhoods
Nitrogen dioxide
Overflow
Parameters
pollution
prevention
Rainy season
Runoff
Sanitation
Sanitation systems
SDG 6
Septic tanks
Streams
Suburban areas
tropical conditions
Water analysis
Water consumption
Water pollution
Water quality
Water resources
Water sampling
Water wells
Waterborne diseases
title Prevalence of water-related diseases and groundwater (drinking-water) contamination in the suburban municipality of Mont Ngafula, Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
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