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Prevalence of water-related diseases and groundwater (drinking-water) contamination in the suburban municipality of Mont Ngafula, Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
An epidemiological survey conducted among users of water points and medical institutions in the N'djili Kilambu neighborhood of Kinshasa in Democratic Republic of the Congo, indicates that waterborne diseases have already affected more than 60% of the patients admitted to local clinics between...
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Published in: | Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering, 2019-07, Vol.54 (9), p.840-850 |
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container_end_page | 850 |
container_issue | 9 |
container_start_page | 840 |
container_title | Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering |
container_volume | 54 |
creator | Kapembo, Michel L. Al Salah, Dhafer Mohammed M. Thevenon, Florian Laffite, Amandine Bokolo, Mathieu K. Mulaji, Crispin K. Mpiana, Pius T. Poté, John |
description | An epidemiological survey conducted among users of water points and medical institutions in the N'djili Kilambu neighborhood of Kinshasa in Democratic Republic of the Congo, indicates that waterborne diseases have already affected more than 60% of the patients admitted to local clinics between 2013 and 2017. In order to raise public and political awareness about this hazardous health issue resulting from the lack of safely managed sanitation systems, this study investigates the microbial quality of drinking water from local water resources. Water samples were collected from nine wells and streams used as drinking sources, and analyzed for Fecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB), including Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, and Total Coliforms. Physicochemical parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, O
2
, and soluble ions (Na
+
, K
+
, PO
4
3-
, SO
4
2-
, NO
3
-
, NO
2
-
) were also analyzed. Except for NO
3
-
and NO
2
-
, the average concentrations of the physicochemical parameters and dissolved ions generally meet the guidelines for drinking/domestic water quality. By contrast, the results reveal high levels of FIB in the water samples collected during both dry and wet seasons. The contamination is significantly higher during the wet season compared to dry season, due to increased runoff, open defecation practices, and more frequent overflow of onsite sanitation systems and septic tanks. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1080/10934529.2019.1596702 |
format | article |
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2
, and soluble ions (Na
+
, K
+
, PO
4
3-
, SO
4
2-
, NO
3
-
, NO
2
-
) were also analyzed. Except for NO
3
-
and NO
2
-
, the average concentrations of the physicochemical parameters and dissolved ions generally meet the guidelines for drinking/domestic water quality. By contrast, the results reveal high levels of FIB in the water samples collected during both dry and wet seasons. The contamination is significantly higher during the wet season compared to dry season, due to increased runoff, open defecation practices, and more frequent overflow of onsite sanitation systems and septic tanks.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1093-4529</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-4117</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1596702</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30964378</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Taylor & Francis</publisher><subject>cholera ; Coliforms ; Contamination ; Defecation ; Domestic water ; Drinking water ; drinking water quality ; Dry season ; E coli ; Electrical conductivity ; Electrical resistivity ; Epidemiology ; Fecal coliforms ; fecal indicator bacteria ; Groundwater ; Groundwater pollution ; Health care facilities ; human risk ; Microorganisms ; Neighborhoods ; Nitrogen dioxide ; Overflow ; Parameters ; pollution ; prevention ; Rainy season ; Runoff ; Sanitation ; Sanitation systems ; SDG 6 ; Septic tanks ; Streams ; Suburban areas ; tropical conditions ; Water analysis ; Water consumption ; Water pollution ; Water quality ; Water resources ; Water sampling ; Water wells ; Waterborne diseases</subject><ispartof>Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering, 2019-07, Vol.54 (9), p.840-850</ispartof><rights>2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 2019</rights><rights>2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c394t-e53c4429f79653936225895bbc174c815a3c292a206971f98053c6ddb1fe74283</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c394t-e53c4429f79653936225895bbc174c815a3c292a206971f98053c6ddb1fe74283</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30964378$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kapembo, Michel L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Salah, Dhafer Mohammed M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thevenon, Florian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laffite, Amandine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bokolo, Mathieu K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mulaji, Crispin K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mpiana, Pius T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poté, John</creatorcontrib><title>Prevalence of water-related diseases and groundwater (drinking-water) contamination in the suburban municipality of Mont Ngafula, Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)</title><title>Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering</title><addtitle>J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng</addtitle><description>An epidemiological survey conducted among users of water points and medical institutions in the N'djili Kilambu neighborhood of Kinshasa in Democratic Republic of the Congo, indicates that waterborne diseases have already affected more than 60% of the patients admitted to local clinics between 2013 and 2017. In order to raise public and political awareness about this hazardous health issue resulting from the lack of safely managed sanitation systems, this study investigates the microbial quality of drinking water from local water resources. Water samples were collected from nine wells and streams used as drinking sources, and analyzed for Fecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB), including Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, and Total Coliforms. Physicochemical parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, O
2
, and soluble ions (Na
+
, K
+
, PO
4
3-
, SO
4
2-
, NO
3
-
, NO
2
-
) were also analyzed. Except for NO
3
-
and NO
2
-
, the average concentrations of the physicochemical parameters and dissolved ions generally meet the guidelines for drinking/domestic water quality. By contrast, the results reveal high levels of FIB in the water samples collected during both dry and wet seasons. The contamination is significantly higher during the wet season compared to dry season, due to increased runoff, open defecation practices, and more frequent overflow of onsite sanitation systems and septic tanks.</description><subject>cholera</subject><subject>Coliforms</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Defecation</subject><subject>Domestic water</subject><subject>Drinking water</subject><subject>drinking water quality</subject><subject>Dry season</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Electrical conductivity</subject><subject>Electrical resistivity</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Fecal coliforms</subject><subject>fecal indicator bacteria</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Groundwater pollution</subject><subject>Health care facilities</subject><subject>human risk</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Neighborhoods</subject><subject>Nitrogen dioxide</subject><subject>Overflow</subject><subject>Parameters</subject><subject>pollution</subject><subject>prevention</subject><subject>Rainy season</subject><subject>Runoff</subject><subject>Sanitation</subject><subject>Sanitation systems</subject><subject>SDG 6</subject><subject>Septic tanks</subject><subject>Streams</subject><subject>Suburban areas</subject><subject>tropical conditions</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water consumption</subject><subject>Water pollution</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>Water resources</subject><subject>Water sampling</subject><subject>Water wells</subject><subject>Waterborne diseases</subject><issn>1093-4529</issn><issn>1532-4117</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kctu1DAUhi0EoqXwCCBLbFqJDL4m8a5oKBdRLkKwtk4ce-qS2IOdtJqH4h1xOlOWrM450vd_Z_Ej9JySFSUteU2J4kIytWKEqhWVqm4Ie4COqeSsEpQ2D8temGqBjtCTnK8JoS2n8jE64kTVgjftMfrzLdkbGGwwFkeHb2GyqUp2KLPHvc8Wss0YQo83Kc6hvwPwaZ98-OXDprq7z7CJYYLRB5h8DNgHPF1ZnOduTh0EPM7BG7-FwU-75cvnQuMvG3DzAK_wJx_yFWTAp2_tGE0qDoO_2-3cDWUp-OJax7CJZ0_RIwdDts8O8wT9fHfxY_2huvz6_uP6zWVluBJTZSU3QjDlGlVLrnjNmGyV7DpDG2FaKoEbphgwUquGOtWSEqj7vqPONoK1_AS93Hu3Kf6ebZ70dZxTKC91UZEiE6IplNxTJsWck3V6m_wIaacp0UtJ-r4kvZSkDyWV3IuDfe5G2_9L3bdSgPM94IOLaYTbmIZeT7AbYnIJgvFZ8___-AtmzKJu</recordid><startdate>20190729</startdate><enddate>20190729</enddate><creator>Kapembo, Michel L.</creator><creator>Al Salah, Dhafer Mohammed M.</creator><creator>Thevenon, Florian</creator><creator>Laffite, Amandine</creator><creator>Bokolo, Mathieu K.</creator><creator>Mulaji, Crispin K.</creator><creator>Mpiana, Pius T.</creator><creator>Poté, John</creator><general>Taylor & Francis</general><general>Taylor & Francis Ltd</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190729</creationdate><title>Prevalence of water-related diseases and groundwater (drinking-water) contamination in the suburban municipality of Mont Ngafula, Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)</title><author>Kapembo, Michel L. ; Al Salah, Dhafer Mohammed M. ; Thevenon, Florian ; Laffite, Amandine ; Bokolo, Mathieu K. ; Mulaji, Crispin K. ; Mpiana, Pius T. ; Poté, John</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c394t-e53c4429f79653936225895bbc174c815a3c292a206971f98053c6ddb1fe74283</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>cholera</topic><topic>Coliforms</topic><topic>Contamination</topic><topic>Defecation</topic><topic>Domestic water</topic><topic>Drinking water</topic><topic>drinking water quality</topic><topic>Dry season</topic><topic>E coli</topic><topic>Electrical conductivity</topic><topic>Electrical resistivity</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Fecal coliforms</topic><topic>fecal indicator bacteria</topic><topic>Groundwater</topic><topic>Groundwater pollution</topic><topic>Health care facilities</topic><topic>human risk</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Neighborhoods</topic><topic>Nitrogen dioxide</topic><topic>Overflow</topic><topic>Parameters</topic><topic>pollution</topic><topic>prevention</topic><topic>Rainy season</topic><topic>Runoff</topic><topic>Sanitation</topic><topic>Sanitation systems</topic><topic>SDG 6</topic><topic>Septic tanks</topic><topic>Streams</topic><topic>Suburban areas</topic><topic>tropical conditions</topic><topic>Water analysis</topic><topic>Water consumption</topic><topic>Water pollution</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><topic>Water resources</topic><topic>Water sampling</topic><topic>Water wells</topic><topic>Waterborne diseases</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kapembo, Michel L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Salah, Dhafer Mohammed M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thevenon, Florian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laffite, Amandine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bokolo, Mathieu K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mulaji, Crispin K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mpiana, Pius T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poté, John</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kapembo, Michel L.</au><au>Al Salah, Dhafer Mohammed M.</au><au>Thevenon, Florian</au><au>Laffite, Amandine</au><au>Bokolo, Mathieu K.</au><au>Mulaji, Crispin K.</au><au>Mpiana, Pius T.</au><au>Poté, John</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Prevalence of water-related diseases and groundwater (drinking-water) contamination in the suburban municipality of Mont Ngafula, Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)</atitle><jtitle>Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering</jtitle><addtitle>J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng</addtitle><date>2019-07-29</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>54</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>840</spage><epage>850</epage><pages>840-850</pages><issn>1093-4529</issn><eissn>1532-4117</eissn><abstract>An epidemiological survey conducted among users of water points and medical institutions in the N'djili Kilambu neighborhood of Kinshasa in Democratic Republic of the Congo, indicates that waterborne diseases have already affected more than 60% of the patients admitted to local clinics between 2013 and 2017. In order to raise public and political awareness about this hazardous health issue resulting from the lack of safely managed sanitation systems, this study investigates the microbial quality of drinking water from local water resources. Water samples were collected from nine wells and streams used as drinking sources, and analyzed for Fecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB), including Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, and Total Coliforms. Physicochemical parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, O
2
, and soluble ions (Na
+
, K
+
, PO
4
3-
, SO
4
2-
, NO
3
-
, NO
2
-
) were also analyzed. Except for NO
3
-
and NO
2
-
, the average concentrations of the physicochemical parameters and dissolved ions generally meet the guidelines for drinking/domestic water quality. By contrast, the results reveal high levels of FIB in the water samples collected during both dry and wet seasons. The contamination is significantly higher during the wet season compared to dry season, due to increased runoff, open defecation practices, and more frequent overflow of onsite sanitation systems and septic tanks.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Taylor & Francis</pub><pmid>30964378</pmid><doi>10.1080/10934529.2019.1596702</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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ispartof | Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering, 2019-07, Vol.54 (9), p.840-850 |
issn | 1093-4529 1532-4117 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_crossref_primary_10_1080_10934529_2019_1596702 |
source | Taylor and Francis Science and Technology Collection |
subjects | cholera Coliforms Contamination Defecation Domestic water Drinking water drinking water quality Dry season E coli Electrical conductivity Electrical resistivity Epidemiology Fecal coliforms fecal indicator bacteria Groundwater Groundwater pollution Health care facilities human risk Microorganisms Neighborhoods Nitrogen dioxide Overflow Parameters pollution prevention Rainy season Runoff Sanitation Sanitation systems SDG 6 Septic tanks Streams Suburban areas tropical conditions Water analysis Water consumption Water pollution Water quality Water resources Water sampling Water wells Waterborne diseases |
title | Prevalence of water-related diseases and groundwater (drinking-water) contamination in the suburban municipality of Mont Ngafula, Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo) |
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