Inadequacy inequality: the distribution and consequences of part-time underemployment in the US

Despite some attention devoted to part-time employment with insufficient or inadequate work hours, research is still too limited on how the burden of underemployment is distributed disproportionately on vulnerable workers and its implications for financial well-being and work-family balance. Further...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Community, work & family work & family, 2022-01, Vol.25 (1), p.84-111
Main Authors: Kim, Jaeseung, Golden, Lonnie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
control over work hours
Economic well being
Family conflict
Family work relationship
financial well-being
Inequality
involuntary part-time
Low income groups
Multivariate analysis
Occupational roles
Occupations
Part time employment
Polls & surveys
Underemployment
Vulnerability
Well being
work-family conflict
Workers
Working hours
Workplace control
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Summary:Despite some attention devoted to part-time employment with insufficient or inadequate work hours, research is still too limited on how the burden of underemployment is distributed disproportionately on vulnerable workers and its implications for financial well-being and work-family balance. Furthermore, scarce research considers the role of control over work hours in the context of worker underemployment. Using unique data and measures constructed from a nationally representative survey of the 2006 and 2016 US General Social Survey, we find that being part-time underemployed is concentrated toward workers who are minority, lower income, and employed in certain service occupations. Multivariate analysis reveals that, relative to both part-time workers satisfied with their hours and to full-time workers, the part-time underemployed endure significantly greater risks of facing lower financial status and financial dis-satisfaction. Part-time underemployed workers also experience more frequent work-to-family conflict, compared to other part-time workers, and no less than otherwise comparable full-time workers. Their elevated work-family conflict is intensified when having limited control over their work hours. We derive implications of these findings for preventative public policies that would help curb both the extent and the harms of underemployment, recently rendered even more necessary by its rise during the 2020 recession.
ISSN:1366-8803
1469-3615
DOI:10.1080/13668803.2021.1985433