Establishment of willows using the novel DeValix technique: ecological restoration mats designed for phytotechnologies

Successful willow (Salix spp., hybrids and cultivars) establishment is a major determinant of their effectiveness when grown for phytotechnologies. Vertically-planted hardwood cuttings have been shown to produce adequate willow growth and survival, although site conditions at phytoremediation instal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of phytoremediation 2022-06, Vol.24 (7), p.730-743
Main Authors: Vinhal, Ryan A., Zalesny, Ronald S., DeBauche, Brent S., Rogers, Elizabeth R., Pilipović, Andrej, Soolanayakanahally, Raju Y., Wiese, Adam H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomass
Cultivars
Environmental restoration
Genotypes
Growing season
Hardwoods
horizontal planting
Hybrids
Phytoremediation
Planting
Restoration
Salix
Shoreline Stabilization
Shorelines
Short Rotation Willow
Stems
Survival
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Summary:Successful willow (Salix spp., hybrids and cultivars) establishment is a major determinant of their effectiveness when grown for phytotechnologies. Vertically-planted hardwood cuttings have been shown to produce adequate willow growth and survival, although site conditions at phytoremediation installations can make vertical planting methods unsuitable. The DeValix willow mat restoration technique was designed and tested as an alternative horizontal planting method that can be installed by hand in a variety of environmental applications. The DeValix technique was evaluated by testing five willow clones ("Millbrook"; "Sherburne"; "SX61"; "SX67"; "Tully Champion") grown at two phytoremediation sites (Ontonagon, MI; Manitowoc, WI) for the 2019 growing season. Differences in survival and growth were tested among sites, genotypes, and their interactions. Stem height, diameter, and number of stems per mat were compared to identify clones with greater establishment success and higher phytoremediation potential. Results demonstrated significant effects of site (p 
ISSN:1522-6514
1549-7879
DOI:10.1080/15226514.2021.1970102