Vanadium Pentoxide-Coated Ultrafine Titanium Dioxide Particles Induce Cellular Damage and Micronucleus Formation in V79 Cells

Surface-treated titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) particles coated with vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) are used industrially for selective catalytic reactions such as the removal of nitrous oxide from exhaust gases of combustion power plants (SCR process) and in biomaterials for increasing the strength of im...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A Part A, 2008-01, Vol.71 (13-14), p.976-980
Main Authors: Bhattacharya, K., Cramer, H., Albrecht, C., Schins, R., Rahman, Q., Zimmermann, U., Dopp, E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomaterials
Cell Line
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cricetinae
Cricetulus
Cytotoxins - chemistry
Cytotoxins - toxicity
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Fibroblasts - drug effects
Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective - drug effects
Mutagens - chemistry
Mutagens - toxicity
Nanoparticles - ultrastructure
Particle Size
Titanium - chemistry
Titanium - toxicity
Vanadium Compounds - chemistry
Vanadium Compounds - toxicity
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Summary:Surface-treated titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) particles coated with vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) are used industrially for selective catalytic reactions such as the removal of nitrous oxide from exhaust gases of combustion power plants (SCR process) and in biomaterials for increasing the strength of implants. In the present study, untreated ultrafine TiO 2 particles (anatase, diameter: 30-50 nm) and vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 )-treated anatase particles were tested for their cyto- and genotoxic effects in V79 cells (hamster lung fibroblasts). Cytotoxic effects of the particles were assessed by trypan blue exclusion, while genotoxic effects were investigated by micronucleus (MN) assay. In addition, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by the acellular method of electron spin resonance technique (ESR) and by the cellular technique of determination of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Our results demonstrate that V 2 O 5 -treated TiO 2 particles induce more potent cyto- and genotoxic effects than untreated particles. Further, acellular and cellular radical formation was more pronounced with V 2 O 5 -anatase than untreated anatase. Thus, data indicate that V 2 O 5 -treated TiO 2 particles were more reactive than natural anatase and capable of inducing DNA damage in mammalian cells through production of free radicals.
ISSN:1528-7394
1087-2620
DOI:10.1080/15287390801989218