Lead exposure through consumption of small game harvested using lead-based ammunition and the corresponding health risks to First Nations in Alberta, Canada

The harvesting of game birds, such as grouse, with small arms using lead ammunition continues to be common practice in Alberta, Canada. Grouse are routinely consumed as a subsistence traditional food by First Nations in Alberta and the use of lead ammunition increases the potential lead exposure thr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cogent environmental science 2018, Vol.4 (1), p.1557316
Main Authors: McAuley, Claire, Ng, Christopher, McFarland, Christine, Dersch, Ave, Koppe, Bart, Sowan, Darryel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammunition
Consumption
dietary exposure
Exposure
First Nations
Fragments
Harvesting
Health risk assessment
Health risks
heavy metal
Lead
Lead poisoning
Meat
Native North Americans
Risk factors
Small arms
traditional food
Traditional foods
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Summary:The harvesting of game birds, such as grouse, with small arms using lead ammunition continues to be common practice in Alberta, Canada. Grouse are routinely consumed as a subsistence traditional food by First Nations in Alberta and the use of lead ammunition increases the potential lead exposure through the consumption of residual bullet or shot fragments in the edible portion of the meat. After removal of visible shot and ammunition fragments, similar to how the samples would be prepared for consumption, impacted and non-impacted grouse breast meat samples were analyzed to characterize the lead content. Using publicly available consumption rates, the potential lead exposures from consumption of both impacted and non-impacted grouse breast meat were estimated and the corresponding health risks were predicted. Comparison of the predicted health risks revealed a significantly higher risk (p
ISSN:2331-1843
2331-1843
2765-8511
DOI:10.1080/23311843.2018.1557316