Lyophilization in Vials on Trays: Effects of Tray Side

The effects of tray side on the performance of lyophilization of pharmaceuticals in vials arranged in clusters of hexagonal arrays on trays are studied and the results of this work indicate that it would be beneficial to operate the freeze drying process by employing freeze dryers whose trays have n...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Drying technology 2005-02, Vol.23 (1-2), p.341-363
Main Authors: Gan, K.H., Crosser, O.K., Liapis, A.I., Bruttini, R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Distribution of concentration of bound water
Distribution of temperature
Drying times
Freeze drying in vials
Heating policies
Height of tray side
Hexagonal arrays of vials
Lyophilization in vials
Velocity of moving sublimation interface
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Summary:The effects of tray side on the performance of lyophilization of pharmaceuticals in vials arranged in clusters of hexagonal arrays on trays are studied and the results of this work indicate that it would be beneficial to operate the freeze drying process by employing freeze dryers whose trays have no tray sides and using heat input control that runs the lyophilization process close to the melting and scorch temperature constraints during the primary and secondary drying stages, respectively.
ISSN:0737-3937
1532-2300
DOI:10.1081/DRT-200047671