The β-Globin Gene Cluster Haplotypes in Sickle Cell Anemia Patients from Northeast Brazil: A Clinical and Molecular View

• Published in: Hemoglobin 2004-01, Vol.28 (3), p.267-271
• Main Authors: Adorno, Elisângela Vitória, Zanette, Ângela, Lyra, Isa, Souza, Cyntia Cajado, Santos, Leandro Ferraz, Menezes, Joelma Figueiredo, Dupuit, Marie France, Almeida, Mari Ney Tavares, Reis, Mitermayer Galvão, Gonçalves, Marilda Souza
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anemia, Sickle Cell - blood; Anemia, Sickle Cell - genetics; Anemia, Sickle Cell - pathology; Brazil; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fetal Hemoglobin - analysis; Fetal Hemoglobin - genetics; Genotype; Globins - analysis; Globins - genetics; Haplotypes - genetics; Hemoglobins, Abnormal - analysis; Hemoglobins, Abnormal - genetics; Multigene Family - genetics; Northeast Brazil; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Sickle cell anemia; Slave trade; β-Globin haplotypes
• ISSN: 0363-0269; 1532-432X
• DOI: 10.1081/HEM-120040310

The βS-globin haplotypes were studied in 78 sickle cell Brazilian patients from Bahia, Northeast Brazil, that has a large population of African origin. Hemoglobin (Hb) profiles were developed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and βS-globin gene haplotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) techniques. We identified 44 (55.0%) patients with the CAR Ben (Central African Republic Benin) genotype, 16 (20.0%) Ben Ben, 13 (16.2%) CAR CAR and seven (8.8%) with other genotypes. Analyses of the phenotypes showed clinical differences related only to Hb F levels and blood transfusion therapy; the presence of − α− 3.7-thalassemia (thal) demonstrated statistical significance when associated with hematocrit (p = 0.044), MCV (p = 0.0007), MCH (p = 0.012) and spleen sequestration events. The haplotype diversity found in the present study can be justified by information about the origin of the slave traffic period in Bahia during the 19th century. The specific characteristics described among the Bahian sickle cell patients could be confirmed by increasing the number of patients with specific genotypes and further studies of genetic markers.