Phenol-Soluble Modulin α3 Enhances the Human Neutrophil Lysis Mediated by Panton-Valentine Leukocidin

Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) has long been considered a critical toxin in severe Staphylococcus aureus infection. PVL presumably breaches the body’s defense system by lysing human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). Recently, however, bioactive peptides— phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs)—have been pro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2009-09, Vol.200 (5), p.715-723
Main Authors: Hongo, Isamu, Baba, Tadashi, Oishi, Kanenari, Morimoto, Yuh, Ito, Teruyo, Hiramatsu, Keiichi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Cytometry
Infections
Leukocidins
Mice
Monoclonal antibodies
Neutrophils
Room temperature
Staphylococcus
Staphylococcus aureus
Toxins
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Summary:Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) has long been considered a critical toxin in severe Staphylococcus aureus infection. PVL presumably breaches the body’s defense system by lysing human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). Recently, however, bioactive peptides— phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs)—have been proposed as the main player in the lysis of PMNs, rather than PVL. This study aimed to resolve uncertainty concerning the cause of the lysis of human PMNs by using recombinant PVL toxins and PVL-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. The recombinant PVL toxins showed strong lytic activity against human but not murine neutrophils. Moreover, the lytic activity of culture supernatants of strains USA400 MW2 and USA300 FPR3757 were completely neutralized by anti-PVL monoclonal antibodies. In contrast, phenol-soluble modulin α3—the most potent PSM peptide—failed to lyse human PMNs at the concentrations contained in the culture supernatants. Phenol-soluble modulin α3 did, however, enhance PVL-mediated lysis of human PMNs
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/605332