CPA-induced Hz to THz broadband absorber with switchable perfect absorption between radio-microwave and THz frequency spectrum

• Published in: Nanotechnology 2024-04, Vol.35 (16), p.165703
• Main Authors: Khan, Mohd Salman, Giri, Pushpa, Varshney, Gaurav, Sharma, Ajay K
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: absorber; broadband; CPA; dielectric resonator; ultrathin
• ISSN: 0957-4484; 1361-6528
• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad18e3

The coherent perfect absorption (CPA) occurring in the graphene sheet suspended in air can be utilized to develop an ultrathin, ultra-broadband absorber working in the frequency range from a few hertz (Hz) to terahertz (THz) with perfect absorption. A graphene sheet is studied to induce the CPA to cover radio, microwave and lower THz frequency ranges. A graphene resonator able to provide the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is combined with the graphene sheet to provide CPA at either side of a thin dielectric layer forms metamaterial structure with the cavity and enhances the absorption bandwidth in the THz region by creating a resonance near quasi-CPA frequency. A dielectric silicon resonator is embedded in the structure, which creates dipolar resonances between the resonances obtained by the formed cavity between the graphene sheet and resonator. This enhances the absorption level in the THz region. The absorption bandwidth is further enhanced to 7 THz by including a graphene disc at the top of the silicon resonator. Thus, the multiple multi-order resonances occurring in the silicon dielectric and SPR of graphene resonators are merged with the phenomena of CPA occurring in the graphene sheets to extend the CPA bandwidth in the THz regime. The doping level of graphene or its tunable Fermi energy based on the applied DC electric field provides the tunability in the total obtained absorption bandwidth. The symmetric structure provides polarization-insensitive behavior with an allowed incident angle of more than 45° with more than 90% absorption.