Methane and Hydrocarbon Emission Rates from Oil and Gas Production in the Province of Basra, South of Iraq

Petroleum deposits typically contain a gaseous component known as “associated gas”. If associated gas is not collected or used on-site, it may be flared or vented as a byproduct of oil production. Flaring is preferential to venting in terms of global warming. Flaring oxidizes carbon and produces CO...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science 2023-07, Vol.1215 (1), p.12019
Main Authors: Alsabbagh, Maha R., Al-Muhyi, Abdul Haleem, Azeez, Nayyef M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air pollution
Basra
Butane
Carbon dioxide
Climate change
Emissions
Ethane
Flaring gas
Gas production
Global warming
Hydrocarbons
Methane
Oil
Oil and gas fields
Oil and gas production
Oil fields
Oil industries
Pentane
Power plants
Propane
Variance analysis
Wind
Wind speed
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Summary:Petroleum deposits typically contain a gaseous component known as “associated gas”. If associated gas is not collected or used on-site, it may be flared or vented as a byproduct of oil production. Flaring is preferential to venting in terms of global warming. Flaring oxidizes carbon and produces CO 2 , but by destroying methane and other hydrocarbons, it decreases the overall risk of global warming emissions. On a 100-year time scale, fossil methane is 36 times more potent than CO 2 . The measurements were taken at six oil fields (AlTuba, Allhais, Artawi, North Rumaila, Nahran Omar, and Majnoon) and two power plants (Alnajebia power plant and Shatt Al-Basra). To measure the concentrations of hydrocarbons, a direct measurement was taken for six months. ANOVA test was used to analyze the results at p ≤ 0.05 and a correlation between hydrocarbon concentrations, wind speed, and temperature was done. The result showed that the hydrocarbons were found in all stations, in all measurements with different concentrations except in Alnajebia and Shatt Al-Basra power plant at first measurements, the device did not detect hydrocarbons concentration. The highest average of hydrocarbon concentrations was at Allhais which was recorded as 995, 598.15, 418.7, 358.89 and 279.13 ppm for methane, ethane, propane, butane and pentane respectively. The lowest average was found at the majnoon oil field for methane, ethane, propane, butane and pentane 395, 238.8, 167.16, 142.2 and 111.4 ppm respectively. The relationship between the average hydrocarbon concentrations with the average monthly wind speed and with average monthly temperature was positive.
ISSN:1755-1307
1755-1315
DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/1215/1/012019