Research and optimization of performances of a pump turbine in pump mode

For reversible pump turbines, a sufficient hump safety margin has to be provided under small-flow and high-head conditions to avoid instability resulting from operations in the hump-shaped zone. On the other hand, under large flow conditions, cavitation easily occurs on the low-pressure edge of runn...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science 2019-03, Vol.240 (7), p.72012
Main Authors: Xue, P, Liu, ZP, Lu, L, Tian, YJ, Wang, X, Chen, R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cavitation
Computational fluid dynamics
Computer applications
Design
Design optimization
Flow separation
Flow stability
Fluid dynamics
Head (fluid mechanics)
High pressure
Hydraulic design
Hydrodynamics
Low pressure
Mathematical models
Model testing
Power plants
Pressure
Pressure effects
Pump turbines
Pumped storage
Safety
Safety margins
Separation
Turbines
Velocity distribution
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Summary:For reversible pump turbines, a sufficient hump safety margin has to be provided under small-flow and high-head conditions to avoid instability resulting from operations in the hump-shaped zone. On the other hand, under large flow conditions, cavitation easily occurs on the low-pressure edge of runner blades due to effects of low pressure and flow separation, sharply reducing the efficiency and lift head. Therefore, the hydraulic design of the pump turbine in pump mode is crucial for the properties of energy, cavitation and stability of the whole unit. A model runner (runner A) designed for a pumped storage power plant in China was demonstrated with insufficient hump safety margin and poor cavitation performance. To improve those deficiencies, optimization design was carried out on the geometric dimensions of the runner A, based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses and model test results. The final model runner B was designed with less blade number Z and large blade wrap angle θ, to both alleviate the flow separation around the lower pressure edge of the blade and the non-uniform velocity distribution in the outlet area around high pressure edge. The model test results show that in comparison with the original runner A, the performances, such as efficiency, hump safety margin, cavitation and stability are improved in runner B.
ISSN:1755-1307
1755-1315
1755-1315
DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/240/7/072012